A patient has developed left heart failure (LHF). Which laboratory test, when elevated, confirms a heart failure diagnosis?

Troponin

Calcium level

B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP)

C-reactive protein (CRP)

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A. Troponin is a biomarker used to diagnose myocardial infarction (heart attack), not heart failure.

B. Calcium levels are important for overall metabolic function but are not specific for heart failure.

C. B-type natriuretic peptide (BNP) is elevated in heart failure, specifically in left heart failure, and helps confirm the diagnosis. BNP is a hormone released by the ventricles in response to increased pressure and volume.

D. C-reactive protein (CRP) is a marker of inflammation but does not specifically confirm a heart failure diagnosis.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. While varicose veins can be a risk factor for deep vein thrombosis (DVT), which in turn can lead to a PE, they are not an acute symptom of a PE.

B. Thick green sputum is more indicative of a respiratory infection, such as pneumonia, rather than a pulmonary embolus.

C. Hypertension can be seen in various conditions but is not a primary indicator of PE.

D. Sudden dyspnea (difficulty breathing) is a classic sign of a pulmonary embolus, as the clot obstructs blood flow to the lungs, leading to respiratory distress.

A. nosocomial pneumonia; lung tissue atelectasis B. lung tissue atelectasis; community-acquired pneumonia C. pulmonary edema; right heart failure D. pulmonary edema; left heart failure

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Nosocomial (hospital-acquired) pneumonia is common in post-surgical patients, particularly those with atelectasis, as diminished ventilation can lead to infection. The green sputum and fever are signs of infection.

B. Lung tissue atelectasis may predispose a patient to pneumonia, but community-acquired pneumonia is less likely in a hospitalized patient, and the green sputum is more indicative of nosocomial infection.

C. Pulmonary edema is associated with fluid in the lungs but does not typically cause green sputum or elevated temperature, which suggest infection.

D. Left heart failure may lead to pulmonary edema but is not associated with green sputum or fever.

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A patient has developed left heart failure (LHF). Which laboratory test, when elevated, confirms a heart failure diagnosis?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse suspects that her patient has developed a pulmonary embolus (PE). Which assessment finding would lead to this nursing judgment?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is listening to the lungs of a hospitalized post-surgical patient and notes diminished breath sounds in the right lower lobe. The patient has an elevated temperature and green sputum. These findings could indicate _____ because of _____.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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