A patient has acute anxiety related to an automobile accident 2 hours ago. The nurse should teach the patient about medication from which group?

Antipsychotic drugs

Benzodiazepines

Mood stabilizers

Tricyclic antidepressants

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Antipsychotics are used for psychosis (e.g., schizophrenia, delusions, hallucinations), not for acute anxiety.

B. Benzodiazepines (e.g., lorazepam, diazepam, alprazolam) are the treatment of choice for acute anxiety or panic attacks because they act quickly (within minutes to hours) by enhancing GABA neurotransmission, providing rapid relief.

C. Mood stabilizers (e.g., lithium, valproate) are used in bipolar disorder, not for acute situational anxiety.

D. Tricyclic antidepressants (e.g., amitriptyline) are used for long-term management of depression and some anxiety disorders, but their onset is delayed (2–6 weeks), making them ineffective for acute anxiety.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Justice refers to fairness and equality in the distribution of care and resources. The nurse is concerned about whether patients exhibiting similar behaviors (self-mutilation) are being treated consistently and fairly, which directly relates to the principle of justice.

B. Fidelity involves keeping promises and commitments to patients, which is not the primary concern in this scenario.
C. Beneficence involves acting in the patient’s best interest to promote well-being. While relevant to care decisions, the main ethical issue here is fairness between patients.
D. Autonomy involves respecting a patient’s right to make their own decisions, which is not the central issue in comparing the care of two patients.

A. drink twice the usual dally amount of fluid. B. double the lithium dose if diarrhea or vomiting occurs. C. maintain normal salt and fluids in the diet. D. avoid eating aged cheese, processed meats, and red wine.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. Patients do not need to double fluid intake, just maintain adequate hydration (2–3 L/day). Drinking twice the usual amount could lead to fluid overload or dilute sodium balance.

B. Lithium should never be doubled. In fact, vomiting and diarrhea increase risk of lithium toxicity, so the provider must be notified instead.

C. Lithium excretion is closely tied to sodium and fluid balance. A stable diet with normal salt and adequate fluid intake helps prevent fluctuations in lithium levels and reduces risk of toxicity.

D. Avoiding aged cheese, processed meats, and red wine is teaching for MAOI therapy (to prevent hypertensive crisis due to tyramine), not for lithium.

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A patient has acute anxiety related to an automobile accident 2 hours ago. The nurse should teach the patient about medication from which group?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A health teaching plan for a patient taking lithium should include instructions to

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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