A nursing instructor teaches students about the purpose of using the nursing process in the care of psychiatric clients. Which of the following statements by a student indicates that learning has occurred?
"The nursing process is a method for interviewing."
"The nursing process is used to assist clients to adapt to stressors."
"The nursing process is used primarily to minimize allegations of negligence."
"The nursing process is used to provide support for the psychiatric diagnosis."
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A Reason:
While interviewing is a component of the nursing process, specifically during the assessment phase, describing the nursing process solely as a method for interviewing is incomplete. The nursing process encompasses much more, including diagnosis, planning, implementation, and evaluation.
Choice B Reason:
This statement accurately reflects the purpose of the nursing process. It is a systematic method used by nurses to assist clients in adapting to stressors, whether they are physical, psychological, or social. The process involves assessing the client's needs, diagnosing issues, planning and implementing interventions, and evaluating the outcomes.
Choice C Reason:
The nursing process does play a role in minimizing allegations of negligence by providing a structured approach to care, but this is not its primary purpose. The main goal is to deliver individualized and effective care to clients, not just to protect against legal issues.
Choice D Reason:
Supporting a psychiatric diagnosis is part of the nursing process, but the statement is too narrow to describe the overall purpose. The nursing process is used to plan and provide personalized care, which goes beyond just supporting a diagnosis.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Providing reading material about the surgery can be informative, but it may not be the best approach for someone who is already very nervous. It could potentially increase anxiety if the information is overwhelming or if the client misinterprets the material.
Choice B reason:
Suggesting a walk could serve as a distraction and help to calm the client's nerves. However, it might not address the underlying anxiety about the surgery itself. It's a temporary measure that doesn't offer emotional support or address the client's immediate concerns.
Choice C reason:
Referring the client to the pastoral care team could be beneficial if the client is seeking spiritual support or comfort. However, this should be based on the client's personal preferences and beliefs, and it may not be the most direct way to address the client's stated nervousness.
Choice D reason:
Engaging the client in a conversation about their feelings provides an opportunity for emotional support and can help the nurse understand the client's specific fears. This approach can lead to a more personalized care plan to alleviate anxiety.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A Reason:
An adventitious crisis is not applicable here. This type of crisis is usually a result of a natural or man-made disaster, war, or major accident, which is not the case with the client's situation.
Choice B Reason:
Maturational crises are associated with life transitions or developmental stages, such as retirement or menopause. While the client is older, the crisis is not due to a normal life transition but rather an unexpected event.
Choice C Reason:
Developmental crises occur as a person moves through the stages of life. The client's crisis does not stem from a developmental issue but from an external event that has disrupted their life.
Choice D Reason:
Situational crises arise from external sources that an individual may face throughout life, such as the death of a loved one, loss of a job, or severe illness. The client's inability to cope with the sudden death of their spouse is a situational crisis.
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