A nurse receives a unit of packed RBCs from a blood bank and notes that the time is 1130. The nurse should begin the infusion at which of the following times?

When the client states he is ready to start the infusion

As soon as the nurse can prepare the client and the administration set

2 hours after obtaining blood from the blood bank

When the client has finished eating lunch

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. When the client states he is ready to start the infusion:

While it's important to consider the client's readiness and cooperation, the timing of the infusion should not solely depend on the client's statement. The priority is to start the infusion promptly after receiving the packed red blood cells (PRBCs) from the blood bank to ensure their safety and effectiveness.

B. As soon as the nurse can prepare the client and the administration set:

This choice is the correct answer. After receiving the unit of PRBCs from the blood bank at 1130, the nurse should begin the infusion as soon as possible after preparing the client (ensuring the correct patient, verifying the blood type compatibility, obtaining informed consent, etc.) and the administration set (priming the IV tubing, checking for any leaks, etc.). Prompt administration helps prevent delays that could compromise the quality of the blood product.

C. 2 hours after obtaining blood from the blood bank:

Waiting for 2 hours before starting the infusion is too long and could exceed the recommended timeframe for administering PRBCs after obtaining them from the blood bank. Delaying the infusion for such an extended period could impact the viability and safety of the blood product.

D. When the client has finished eating lunch:

The timing of the client's meal is not a factor in determining when to start the infusion of PRBCs. While it's generally important for the client to have adequate nutrition and hydration, the priority is to administer the blood product promptly after preparation to ensure its efficacy and safety, rather than waiting for unrelated factors such as meal times.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. "The decreased HDL level will increase the amount of cholesterol moved away from the artery walls":

This statement is incorrect. High-density lipoprotein (HDL) is often referred to as "good" cholesterol because it helps remove excess cholesterol from the bloodstream and transport it to the liver for processing. A decreased HDL level is associated with an increased risk of cardiovascular disease, not with moving cholesterol away from artery walls.

B. "Increased LDL and decreased HDL increase my risk of coronary artery disease":

This statement is correct. Low-density lipoprotein (LDL) is often referred to as "bad" cholesterol because elevated LDL levels contribute to the buildup of plaque in the arteries, increasing the risk of coronary artery disease (CAD). Conversely, decreased HDL levels are associated with reduced cholesterol removal from the bloodstream, further increasing the risk of CAD.

C. "Increased LDL has the potential to decrease my risk of heart disease":

This statement is incorrect. Elevated LDL levels are a major risk factor for heart disease and are associated with an increased risk of atherosclerosis and cardiovascular events.

D. "The increased LDL will decrease the amount of cholesterol deposited on the artery walls":

This statement is incorrect. Increased LDL levels contribute to the deposition of cholesterol on artery walls, leading to the formation of plaque and narrowing of the arteries, which is detrimental to heart health.

A. The blood was infused too quickly and overwhelmed the client's circulatory system. B. The donor blood was incompatible with that of the client. C. The client had a sensitivity reaction to a plasma protein in the blood. D. Antibodies to donor leukocytes remained in the blood.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. The blood was infused too quickly and overwhelmed the client's circulatory system:

While infusing blood too quickly can lead to circulatory overload and related complications like heart failure or pulmonary edema, it is not the cause of an acute hemolytic transfusion reaction. Acute hemolytic reactions occur due to immune responses against incompatible donor blood.

B. The donor blood was incompatible with that of the client:

This is the correct answer. An acute hemolytic transfusion reaction happens when there is an incompatibility between the donor's blood and the recipient's blood. This can occur due to mismatched ABO blood types or Rh factor, leading to the recipient's immune system attacking and destroying the transfused red blood cells.

C. The client had a sensitivity reaction to a plasma protein in the blood:

Sensitivity reactions to plasma proteins can occur, but they typically result in different types of transfusion reactions, such as allergic reactions or febrile non-hemolytic reactions. These reactions are caused by antibodies to specific plasma proteins and are not the cause of acute hemolytic transfusion reactions.

D. Antibodies to donor leukocytes remained in the blood:

This option refers to febrile non-hemolytic transfusion reactions, which occur due to antibodies against donor leukocytes. However, this type of reaction is distinct from acute hemolytic reactions, which are primarily caused by ABO or Rh incompatibility.

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A nurse receives a unit of packed RBCs from a blood bank and notes that the time is 1130. The nurse should begin the infusion at which of the following times?

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