A client with primary hypertension reports dizziness with ambulation when taking the prescribed alpha-adrenergic blocker. When teaching this client, what should the nurse emphasize?

Increasing fluids to maintain BP

Taking medication first thing in the morning

Stopping medication if dizziness persists

Rising slowly from a lying or sitting position

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Increasing fluids to maintain BP: While staying well-hydrated is generally beneficial for overall health and blood pressure management, increasing fluids is not the primary intervention for dizziness associated with alpha-adrenergic blockers. Alpha-blockers can cause orthostatic hypotension, which may lead to dizziness upon standing, especially if rising quickly.

B. Taking medication first thing in the morning: Taking medication in the morning is a common recommendation for many medications, including some antihypertensive drugs. However, for alpha-adrenergic blockers that can cause orthostatic hypotension, timing of medication administration is not the primary concern in addressing dizziness.

C. Stopping medication if dizziness persists: Abruptly stopping medication without consulting a healthcare provider is not recommended, especially for antihypertensive medications. It's important for clients to follow their prescribed treatment plan and communicate any side effects or concerns to their healthcare provider for appropriate management.

D. Rising slowly from a lying or sitting position: This is the correct emphasis for the nurse. Alpha-adrenergic blockers can cause orthostatic hypotension, a drop in blood pressure upon standing, which can lead to dizziness or lightheadedness. To minimize this risk, the client should be advised to rise slowly from lying down or sitting to standing positions. This gradual movement helps the body adjust to changes in blood pressure more effectively.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "I will have canned chicken noodle soup with crackers and an apple for lunch": Canned soups are often high in sodium, and crackers can also contribute to sodium intake. This meal choice would not align with a low-sodium diet.

B. "I will have a ham and cheese sandwich for lunch": Processed meats like ham and cheese can be high in sodium, especially if they are not low-sodium options. This choice may not be suitable for a low-sodium diet unless specific low-sodium products are used.

C. "I will have a BLT and a side salad with cheese and croutons for lunch": Bacon, cheese, and croutons are all sources of sodium, so this meal would likely not be appropriate for a low-sodium diet unless modifications are made, such as using low-sodium bacon and limiting cheese and crouton amounts.

D. "I will have a baked potato with broiled chicken for dinner": This statement indicates an understanding of choosing low-sodium options. Baked potatoes and broiled chicken are generally low in sodium, especially if prepared without added salt or high-sodium seasonings. This choice aligns well with a low-sodium diet for someone with heart failure.

A. "Dehydration Is the primary reason for the pain that is experienced during a sickle cell crisis; try to increase your son's fluid intake." B. "We really don't know what causes the pain that is experienced during a sickle cell crisis." C. "Sickled cells get clogged in the blood vessels, preventing blood from getting to the tissues, which causes the severe pain of a crisis." D. "You will need to discuss this with your doctor. I cannot explain why this pain occurs to your son."

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. "Dehydration Is the primary reason for the pain that is experienced during a sickle cell crisis; try to increase your son's fluid intake."

This response is not the best choice because while dehydration can indeed exacerbate sickle cell crises and lead to complications, it is not the primary reason for the pain experienced during a sickle cell crisis. The severe pain during a crisis is primarily due to vaso-occlusion, where sickled red blood cells block blood flow in the small blood vessels, leading to tissue ischemia and pain. While adequate hydration is important in managing sickle cell disease, it alone does not address the underlying cause of the pain during a crisis.

B. "We really don't know what causes the pain that is experienced during a sickle cell crisis."

This response is not accurate and not the best choice because the medical community does understand the underlying cause of pain during a sickle cell crisis. It is primarily due to vaso-occlusion, as mentioned earlier, where sickled red blood cells block blood flow in the blood vessels.

C. "Sickled cells get clogged in the blood vessels, preventing blood from getting to the tissues, which causes the severe pain of a crisis."

This response is the best choice because it provides an accurate and clear explanation of why individuals with sickle cell anemia experience severe pain during a sickle cell crisis. It addresses the underlying mechanism of vaso-occlusion, where sickled red blood cells block blood flow in the small blood vessels, leading to tissue ischemia and severe pain.

D. "You will need to discuss this with your doctor. I cannot explain why this pain occurs to your

son."

This response is not the best choice because the nurse should be able to provide basic information about the disease and its symptoms to the mother. It's important for healthcare professionals to educate patients and their families about their condition to improve understanding and facilitate better management and coping strategies.

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A client with primary hypertension reports dizziness with ambulation when taking the prescribed alpha-adrenergic blocker. When teaching this client, what should the nurse emphasize?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A client with heart failure is placed on a low-sodium diet. Which statement by the client indicates that the nurse's nutritional teaching plan has been effective?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The mother of a teenage boy with sickle cell anemia asks the nurse why her son has such horrible pain during a sickle cell crisis. Which of the following is the best response by the nurse?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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