A nurse receives a telephone call from a parent reporting that their school-age child has a nosebleed and that they cannot stop the bleeding. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the parent?

"Have your child lie down and turn their head to the side for 10 minutes.”

"Place a warm, wet washcloth over your child's forehead and the bridge of their nose.”

"Tell your child to blow their nose gently and then sit down and but their head backward.”

“Use your thumb and forefinger to apply pressure to the sides of your child's nose”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Rationale:

A. "Have your child lie down and turn their head to the side for 10 minutes." Lying down increases blood flow to the head, which can worsen the nosebleed or cause aspiration if blood is swallowed. Upright posture is preferred to reduce venous pressure in nasal vessels.

B. "Place a warm, wet washcloth over your child's forehead and the bridge of their nose." Warm compresses can dilate blood vessels and worsen bleeding. Cold compresses are more appropriate to constrict blood vessels and reduce blood flow.

C. "Tell your child to blow their nose gently and then sit down and put their head backward." Blowing the nose can dislodge clots and worsen bleeding. Tilting the head back can cause blood to run down the throat, increasing the risk of nausea, vomiting, or aspiration.

D. "Use your thumb and forefinger to apply pressure to the sides of your child's nose."
Pinching the soft part of the nose for 10–15 minutes while the child leans slightly forward is the first-line intervention for epistaxis. This reduces bleeding and prevents aspiration.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Methylprednisolone: Methylprednisolone is a corticosteroid, which can increase blood glucose levels by promoting gluconeogenesis and reducing insulin sensitivity. Hyperglycemia is a known adverse effect, especially with prolonged or high-dose use.

B. Ondansetron: Ondansetron is an antiemetic used to control nausea and vomiting. It does not affect glucose metabolism and is not associated with elevated blood glucose as a side effect.

C. Guaifenesin: Guaifenesin is an expectorant that thins mucus to improve airway clearance. It has no effect on blood sugar levels and is not known to interfere with glucose regulation.

D. Amoxicillin: Amoxicillin is a broad-spectrum antibiotic and does not typically cause changes in blood glucose. It is generally well-tolerated in terms of metabolic side effects.

A. Ask the client if they would prefer a translator who is the same gender. B. Use a website with a ".com" URL to translate for the client. C. Request a family member of the client to translate. D. Ask a nursing student who speaks the same language as the client to translate.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Rationale:

A. Ask the client if they would prefer a translator who is the same gender: Offering a professional interpreter of the same gender, when possible, shows cultural sensitivity and promotes client comfort and openness, especially for intimate or personal health discussions.

B. Use a website with a ".com" URL to translate for the client: Websites, especially commercial ones, may be inaccurate or unreliable for medical translation. Miscommunication through these tools can result in errors and compromise client safety.

C. Request a family member of the client to translate: Family members may unintentionally alter or filter information, leading to errors or withholding of critical health data. It also poses confidentiality concerns and is not considered a best practice.

D. Ask a nursing student who speaks the same language as the client to translate: Unless the student is a certified medical interpreter, this action is inappropriate. Medical interpretation requires training to ensure accurate, unbiased communication that upholds privacy and safety.

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A nurse receives a telephone call from a parent reporting that their school-age child has a nosebleed and that they cannot stop the bleeding. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the parent?

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