A nurse receives a telephone call from a parent reporting that their school-age child has a nosebleed and that they cannot stop the bleeding. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the parent?

"Have your child lie down and turn their head to the side for 10 minutes.”

"Place a warm, wet washcloth over your child's forehead and the bridge of their nose.”

"Tell your child to blow their nose gently and then sit down and but their head backward.”

“Use your thumb and forefinger to apply pressure to the sides of your child's nose”

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

Rationale:

A. "Have your child lie down and turn their head to the side for 10 minutes." Lying down increases blood flow to the head, which can worsen the nosebleed or cause aspiration if blood is swallowed. Upright posture is preferred to reduce venous pressure in nasal vessels.

B. "Place a warm, wet washcloth over your child's forehead and the bridge of their nose." Warm compresses can dilate blood vessels and worsen bleeding. Cold compresses are more appropriate to constrict blood vessels and reduce blood flow.

C. "Tell your child to blow their nose gently and then sit down and put their head backward." Blowing the nose can dislodge clots and worsen bleeding. Tilting the head back can cause blood to run down the throat, increasing the risk of nausea, vomiting, or aspiration.

D. "Use your thumb and forefinger to apply pressure to the sides of your child's nose."
Pinching the soft part of the nose for 10–15 minutes while the child leans slightly forward is the first-line intervention for epistaxis. This reduces bleeding and prevents aspiration.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Rationale:

A. "Check your pulse rate for 30 seconds at different times throughout the day.": Clients with pacemakers should check their pulse daily at the same time and for a full minute to ensure the pacemaker is functioning properly. Shorter durations and inconsistent timing may lead to inaccurate assessments.

B. "Limit strenuous physical activity for 8 weeks.” Limiting physical activity, especially involving the upper body, is essential to allow the pacemaker leads to secure in the myocardium. Strain or vigorous movement during the healing phase can displace the leads or disrupt healing.

C. "Remain at least 3 feet away when watching television”: Modern televisions do not emit electromagnetic interference that would affect pacemaker function. There is no need for such distancing, making this instruction inaccurate and unnecessarily restrictive.

D. "Expect to have intermittent, prolonged hiccups.” Persistent hiccups could indicate pacemaker lead displacement or diaphragmatic stimulation and should be reported immediately. They are not an expected or normal finding after pacemaker implantation.

A. "I will eat fish for dinner at least twice per week." B. “I will eat small, frequent meals." C. “I will notify my provider if my urine is dark." D. “I should expect my bowel movements to be pale in color." E. “I will limit my morning coffee to no more than two cups."

Correct Answer is ["A","B","C"]

Explanation

Rationale:

A. “I will eat fish for dinner at least twice per week.” Fish is a good source of lean protein and omega-3 fatty acids, which are heart-healthy and easier on the pancreas compared to fatty meats. This aligns with dietary recommendations for pancreatitis recovery.

B. “I will eat small, frequent meals.” Eating small, frequent meals reduces pancreatic stimulation and helps manage pain and nausea. It also supports better nutrient absorption and glucose control in clients with pancreatitis and hyperglycemia.

C. “I will notify my provider if my urine is dark.” Dark urine may indicate worsening liver dysfunction or bile obstruction, especially with elevated bilirubin levels. Prompt reporting can lead to early intervention.

D. “I should expect my bowel movements to be pale in color.” Pale stools may signal bile duct obstruction or malabsorption and are not a normal or expected finding. This should be reported rather than expected.

E. “I will limit my morning coffee to no more than two cups.” Caffeine can exacerbate gastrointestinal symptoms and may increase pancreatic irritation; it is usually recommended to limit or avoid coffee during pancreatitis recovery.

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A nurse receives a telephone call from a parent reporting that their school-age child has a nosebleed and that they cannot stop the bleeding. Which of the following instructions should the nurse provide to the parent?

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Explanation

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