A nurse is working with an interdisciplinary disaster committee to develop a community-wide emergency response plan in the event of a nonbiological or chemical incident. The nurse should include which of the following agencies to be notified immediately after calling 911?
Office of Emergency Management (OEM)
Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
American Red Cross (ARC)
U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A reason: Office of Emergency Management (OEM)
The Office of Emergency Management (OEM) is typically the first agency to be notified in the event of a nonbiological or chemical incident. The OEM coordinates the local response efforts and ensures that all necessary resources and personnel are mobilized. They work closely with other local, state, and federal agencies to manage the incident effectively. The OEM’s role includes assessing the situation, providing information to the public, and coordinating evacuation or shelter-in-place orders if necessary.
Choice B reason: Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA)
The Federal Emergency Management Agency (FEMA) plays a crucial role in disaster response and recovery at the federal level. However, they are usually involved after the initial local response has been established. FEMA provides support and resources to local and state agencies, but the immediate notification should go to the local Office of Emergency Management.
Choice C reason: American Red Cross (ARC)
The American Red Cross (ARC) is a vital organization in disaster response, providing emergency shelter, food, and medical care. While they are an essential part of the response team, they are not typically the first agency to be notified. The ARC works in coordination with local emergency management agencies to support the affected community.
Choice D reason: U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS)
The U.S. Department of Homeland Security (DHS) oversees national efforts to protect against and respond to various threats, including chemical incidents. However, like FEMA, DHS is generally involved at a higher level of coordination and support. The immediate response is managed by local agencies, with DHS providing additional resources and expertise as needed
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A reason: Induce Sedation
Pancuronium is not used to induce sedation. It is a neuromuscular blocking agent (NMBA) that causes paralysis of skeletal muscles. Sedation is typically achieved using medications such as benzodiazepines or propofol, which act on the central nervous system to produce a calming effect.
Choice B reason: Suppress Respiratory Effort
Pancuronium is used to suppress respiratory effort in patients with ARDS who require mechanical ventilation. By causing muscle paralysis, pancuronium helps to synchronize the patient’s breathing with the ventilator, reducing the risk of ventilator-induced lung injury and improving oxygenation. This is particularly important in severe cases of ARDS where patient-ventilator dyssynchrony can be detrimental.
Choice C reason: Decrease Chest Wall Compliance
Decreasing chest wall compliance is not a purpose of pancuronium. In fact, pancuronium does not directly affect chest wall compliance. Instead, it works by blocking the transmission of nerve impulses to the muscles, leading to muscle relaxation and paralysis.
Choice D reason: Decrease Respiratory Secretions
Pancuronium does not decrease respiratory secretions. Medications such as anticholinergics (e.g., atropine) are used to reduce secretions. Pancuronium’s primary role is to facilitate mechanical ventilation by ensuring complete muscle relaxation.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:
A sudden decrease in abdominal pain can indicate that the appendix has perforated. When the appendix bursts, the pressure is relieved, leading to a temporary reduction in pain. However, this is quickly followed by severe pain and signs of peritonitis, such as a rigid abdomen and high fever.
Choice B reason:
The absence of Rovsing’s sign is not a specific indicator of a perforated appendix. Rovsing’s sign is a clinical test used to diagnose appendicitis, where pain is elicited in the right lower quadrant when the left lower quadrant is palpated. Its absence does not necessarily indicate perforation.
Choice C reason:
A low-grade fever is a common symptom of appendicitis but does not specifically indicate perforation. A perforated appendix typically leads to a high fever due to the spread of infection within the abdomen.
Choice D reason:
A rigid abdomen is a sign of peritonitis, which can occur after the appendix has perforated. While this is an important symptom, the sudden decrease in pain followed by severe symptoms is more indicative of perforation.
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