A public health nurse is teaching a group of nurses about smallpox. Which of the following statements by one of the nurses indicates understanding of the teaching?

Unlike chickenpox, the vesicles of smallpox are more abundant on the face.

Smallpox lesions appear in various stages of healing.

Vaccination against smallpox provides lifelong immunity.

There are rare, occasional occurrences of smallpox.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A reason: Unlike Chickenpox, the Vesicles of Smallpox Are More Abundant on the Face

This statement indicates an understanding of the teaching. Smallpox lesions are indeed more abundant on the face and extremities compared to chickenpox, which tends to have a more central distribution on the trunk. Smallpox lesions are also typically more uniform in their stage of development, whereas chickenpox lesions can appear in various stages of healing simultaneously.

Choice B reason: Smallpox Lesions Appear in Various Stages of Healing

This statement is incorrect. Unlike chickenpox, where lesions can be in different stages of healing at the same time, smallpox lesions generally progress through the same stages simultaneously. This uniformity in lesion development is a distinguishing feature of smallpox.

Choice C reason: Vaccination Against Smallpox Provides Lifelong Immunity

This statement is partially correct but needs clarification. The smallpox vaccine provides long-lasting immunity, but it may not be lifelong. Immunity can wane over time, and booster vaccinations may be necessary for continued protection.

Choice D reason: There Are Rare, Occasional Occurrences of Smallpox

This statement is incorrect. Smallpox was declared eradicated in 1980 by the World Health Organization (WHO). There have been no naturally occurring cases of smallpox since then. The only known stocks of the virus are kept in secure laboratories for research purposes.

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Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A: WBC Count

Reason: The white blood cell (WBC) count is not directly related to fall risk. WBC count is an indicator of the immune system’s response to infection or inflammation. In this case, the patient’s WBC count is within the normal range (5,000 to 10,000/mm³) on both days. Therefore, it does not contribute to an increased risk of falls.

Choice B: Parkinson’s disease

Reason: Parkinson’s disease significantly increases the risk of falls due to several factors. Patients with Parkinson’s often experience postural instability, which is the inability to maintain balance when standing or walking. This condition is a cardinal feature of Parkinson’s disease and can lead to frequent falls. Additionally, Parkinson’s patients may experience freezing of gait, where they suddenly cannot move their feet forward despite the intention to walk. This can cause them to fall. Other gait abnormalities, such as festinating gait (short, rapid steps) and dyskinesias (involuntary movements), also contribute to the increased fall risk.

Choice C: Potassium level on day 2

Reason: The patient’s potassium level on day 2 is 3.0 mEq/L, which is below the normal range of 3.5 to 5 mEq/L. Low potassium levels (hypokalemia) can lead to muscle weakness, cramps, and fatigue. These symptoms can impair the patient’s ability to maintain balance and increase the risk of falls. Hypokalemia can also cause abnormal heart rhythms, which can further contribute to the risk of falls.

Choice D: Furosemide

Reason: Furosemide is a diuretic medication used to treat conditions such as heart failure by reducing fluid buildup in the body. However, it can also cause orthostatic hypotension, a condition where blood pressure drops significantly when standing up. This can lead to dizziness, lightheadedness, and an increased risk of falls. Additionally, furosemide can cause electrolyte imbalances, such as low potassium levels, which can further contribute to fall risk.

Choice E: Low blood pressure

Reason: The patient’s blood pressure readings indicate orthostatic hypotension, with a significant drop from 128/56 mm Hg while sitting to 92/40 mm Hg while standing. Orthostatic hypotension is a common condition in patients with Parkinson’s disease and heart failure. It can cause dizziness, lightheadedness, and fainting when changing positions, increasing the risk of falls. The patient’s low blood pressure when standing is a clear indicator of increased fall risk.

Correct Answer is ["0.8"]

Explanation

Step 1: Determine the dosage required. Required dosage = 30 mg

Step 2: Determine the concentration of the available solution. Available concentration = 40 mg/mL

Step 3: Calculate the volume to be administered. Volume to be administered = Required dosage ÷ Available concentration Volume to be administered = 30 mg ÷ 40 mg/mL

Step 4: Perform the division. 30 ÷ 40 = 0.75

Step 5: Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Rounded volume = 0.8 mL

The nurse should administer 0.8 mL.

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A public health nurse is teaching a group of nurses about smallpox. Which of the following statements by one of the nurses indicates understanding of the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a patient on a medical-surgical unit. Exhibits A nurse is performing a fall risk assessment on a patient. Which of the following findings indicate that the patient is at increased risk for falls? Select all that apply

Correct Answer is ["B","C","D","E"]

Explanation

Choice A: WBC Count

Choice B: Parkinson’s disease

Choice C: Potassium level on day 2

Choice D: Furosemide

Choice E: Low blood pressure

A client is to receive enoxaparin 30 mg subcutaneously. Available is enoxaparin 40 mg/mL. How many mL should the nurse administer? (Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Use a leading zero if it applies. Do not use a trailing zero.)

Correct Answer is ["0.8"]

Explanation

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