A nurse is preparing a community health program for adults at risk for cardiovascular disease. Which of the following should the nurse include as a modifiable risk factor?
Family history of cardiac disease.
Increasing age.
Diagnosis of diabetes mellitus.
Cigarette smoking.
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A reason:
Family history of cardiac disease is a non-modifiable risk factor. This means it cannot be changed or controlled through lifestyle or behavioral modifications. A family history of heart disease increases an individual’s risk, but it is not something that can be altered.
Choice B reason:
Increasing age is another non-modifiable risk factor. As people age, their risk for cardiovascular disease naturally increases. This is due to the cumulative effects of aging on the cardiovascular system, which cannot be changed.
Choice C reason:
The diagnosis of diabetes mellitus is a complex risk factor. While the presence of diabetes itself is not modifiable, the management of diabetes through lifestyle changes, medication, and diet can significantly reduce cardiovascular risk. However, the condition itself remains a non-modifiable risk factor.
Choice D reason:
Cigarette smoking is a modifiable risk factor. This means that individuals can reduce their risk of cardiovascular disease by quitting smoking. Smoking cessation has been shown to significantly lower the risk of heart disease and improve overall cardiovascular health.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["0.8"]
Explanation
Step 1: Determine the dosage required. Required dosage = 30 mg
Step 2: Determine the concentration of the available solution. Available concentration = 40 mg/mL
Step 3: Calculate the volume to be administered. Volume to be administered = Required dosage ÷ Available concentration Volume to be administered = 30 mg ÷ 40 mg/mL
Step 4: Perform the division. 30 ÷ 40 = 0.75
Step 5: Round the answer to the nearest tenth. Rounded volume = 0.8 mL
The nurse should administer 0.8 mL.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A reason:
Obtaining a 12-lead ECG is crucial for a client with a potassium level of 6.8 mEq/L, which indicates hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia can cause life-threatening cardiac dysrhythmias, and an ECG can help detect these abnormalities early.
Choice B reason:
Suggesting that the client use a salt substitute is not appropriate in this situation. Many salt substitutes contain potassium chloride, which can further increase potassium levels and exacerbate hyperkalemia.
Choice C reason:
Asking the client to add citrus juices and bananas to her diet is also inappropriate. These foods are high in potassium and can worsen hyperkalemia.
Choice D reason:
While obtaining a blood sample for a serum sodium level can be part of the overall assessment, it is not the immediate priority. The primary concern with hyperkalemia is the risk of cardiac dysrhythmias, which makes obtaining a 12-lead ECG the most urgent action.
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