A nurse is working with a local group that is in the process of reducing the use of pesticides in community gardens. The nurse should identify that the group is in which of the following stages of change?

A. Action. The action stage involves actively modifying behaviors, practices, or environments. Since the group is already in the process of reducing pesticide use, they are implementing change, which is characteristic of this stage.
B. Contemplation. In the contemplation stage, individuals or groups are aware a problem exists and are thinking about making a change but have not yet taken action. This does not apply here, as the group has already begun changing their practices.
C. Maintenance. The maintenance stage occurs after a behavior has been successfully adopted and sustained for a period of time. The goal in this stage is to prevent relapse and continue positive behavior, which the group has not yet reached.
D. Preparation. The preparation stage includes planning and small initial steps toward change but not full implementation. Since the group is already working on reducing pesticide use, they have moved beyond this stage.

A. Arrange for an ethics committee meeting to address the family's concerns. An ethics committee can provide guidance in situations where there is conflict between advance directives and family wishes. This supports ethical decision-making while honoring the client’s autonomy and legal rights.
B. Complete an incident report. An incident report is used for errors or unusual events, not ethical dilemmas or conflicts over advance directives. It is not appropriate in this scenario.
C. Support the family's decision and initiate life-sustaining measures. The nurse is legally and ethically bound to follow the client’s advance directives, not the family’s wishes, especially when the client’s decisions are documented and clear.
D. Encourage the family to contact an attorney. While families have legal rights, referring them directly to an attorney does not address the immediate ethical issue or facilitate collaborative resolution in the care setting.