A nurse is teaching the parents of a 6-year-old child who has sickle cell anemia about managing the disease. The nurse should emphasize the importance of which of the following factors to prevent a sickle cell crisis?
Adequate hydration
Increased iron intake
Calorie restriction
A low-protein diet
The Correct Answer is A
Rationale:
A. Adequate hydration: Maintaining proper fluid intake helps reduce blood viscosity and prevents sickling of red blood cells. Dehydration is a common trigger for sickle cell crises, so emphasizing hydration is crucial for prevention.
B. Increased iron intake: Most clients with sickle cell anemia do not require additional iron unless they have documented iron deficiency. Excess iron can accumulate and cause complications, especially in those receiving frequent transfusions.
C. Calorie restriction: Restricting calories is not recommended, as children with sickle cell anemia often have increased metabolic needs due to chronic hemolysis and may require adequate nutrition for growth and energy.
D. A low-protein diet: Protein is important for growth, tissue repair, and overall health. A low-protein diet is not indicated and could worsen nutritional status in children with sickle cell disease.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Rationale:
A. Food exchange lists for meal planning from the American Diabetes Association: The ADA provides evidence-based, reliable resources for meal planning that help clients manage blood glucose levels and make informed dietary choices. These lists are tailored for diabetes management.
B. Food label recommendations from the Institute of Medicine: While the IOM provides general nutrition guidelines, they are not specifically designed for diabetes management and may not address individualized meal planning needs for blood glucose control.
C. Diabetes medication information from the Physicians' Desk Reference: The PDR contains medication details but is intended for healthcare professionals, not clients. It may be too technical for patient education purposes.
D. Personal blogs about managing the adverse effects of diabetes medications: Blogs may provide anecdotal information that is not evidence-based and could be inaccurate or misleading, making them an unreliable resource for client education.
Correct Answer is {"A":{"answers":"B,C"},"B":{"answers":"C"},"C":{"answers":"A,B,C"},"D":{"answers":"A,B,C"}}
Explanation
- Lymphadenopathy: Generalized lymphadenopathy, or swelling of the lymph nodes, is a common symptom of measles and rubella, but not typically a defining feature of fifth disease.
- Koplik spots in the mouth: Pathognomonic for measles, appearing as tiny white lesions on the buccal mucosa before the rash. Their presence essentially confirms measles over other viral exanthems.
- Red rash on the face: Occurs in all three illnesses but with different patterns — measles starts at the hairline and spreads downward, rubella begins on the face and spreads quickly, and fifth disease presents with a “slapped cheek” appearance before spreading.
- Fever: Common to all three conditions but differs in severity — measles typically produces higher fevers, rubella causes mild fever, and fifth disease may have low-grade fever or none.
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