A nurse is teaching a nursing student about secondary Neurocognitive Disorders. Which of the following are the causes of secondary Neurocognitive Disorders? Select all that apply.

Contracture

Cerebral trauma

Fever

Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV)

Huntington's disease

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,C,D

A. Contracture: Contracture refers to the permanent tightening of muscles or joints and is not directly related to neurocognitive disorders. It is a physical condition rather than a cause of cognitive impairment.

B. Cerebral trauma: Cerebral trauma, such as traumatic brain injury, can lead to secondary neurocognitive disorders due to direct damage to brain tissues and subsequent cognitive impairments.

C. Fever: Severe or prolonged fever can be associated with secondary neurocognitive disorders, especially if it leads to complications like encephalitis or severe metabolic disturbances.

D. Human Immunodeficiency Virus (HIV): HIV can lead to secondary neurocognitive disorders due to the direct effects of the virus on the brain and the resultant immune deficiency, which can allow opportunistic infections that affect cognitive function.

E. Huntington's disease: Huntington's disease is a primary neurodegenerative disorder characterized by the progressive breakdown of nerve cells in the brain. It directly causes neurocognitive decline due to genetic mutations and is considered a primary neurocognitive disorder rather than a secondary one. Secondary neurocognitive disorders are typically the result of another primary condition or external factor such as trauma or infection, rather than a primary neurodegenerative disease.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Family conflict: Family conflict can contribute to suicidal ideation, but the presence of an active psychiatric disorder is a more direct risk factor.

B. Homosexuality: Sexual orientation itself is not a risk factor for suicide, but discrimination and lack of acceptance related to sexual orientation can contribute to risk.

C. Availability of firearms: Access to firearms increases the lethality of suicide attempts but is not as significant as the presence of an active psychiatric disorder.

D. Active psychiatric disorder: This is the correct answer. Conditions such as depression, bipolar disorder, and substance use disorders significantly increase the risk of suicide in adolescents.

A. Ensuring that the client takes care of their ADLS to prevent dependence. B. Ensuring that the client environment is safe to prevent injury. C. Ensuring that the client receives food they like to prevent anxiety. D. Ensuring that the client meets the other patients to prevent social isolation.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Ensuring that the client takes care of their ADLs to prevent dependence: While maintaining independence in activities of daily living (ADLs) is important, safety takes precedence because the client may not have the cognitive ability to perform ADLs safely.

B. Ensuring that the client environment is safe to prevent injury. Safety is the priority for clients with Alzheimer's disease due to their risk of confusion, disorientation, and falls. Creating a safe environment helps prevent accidents and injuries.

C. Ensuring that the client receives food they like to prevent anxiety: Providing familiar food can help reduce anxiety, but this is secondary to ensuring safety. The primary concern is to prevent injury in a client who may be disoriented or confused.

D. Ensuring that the client meets the other patients to prevent social isolation. While social interaction is beneficial, it is not the priority in the acute care setting for someone with Alzheimer's disease. The focus should first be on the client’s immediate safety and well-being.

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A nurse is teaching a nursing student about secondary Neurocognitive Disorders. Which of the following are the causes of secondary Neurocognitive Disorders? Select all that apply.

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting data from an adolescent. Which of the following should the nurse identify as the greatest risk for suicide?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

The nurse is caring for a client who is being admitted to the hospital with a neurocognitive disease due to Alzheimer's disease. Which action by the nurse is the priority?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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