A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about pyelonephritis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

"Pyelonephritis increases a person's risk for kidney damage."

"Pyelonephritis is an infection of the lower urinary tract."

"Pyelonephritis often causes no symptoms in affected clients."

"Pyelonephritis is most often caused by Staphylococcus saprophyticus."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. "Pyelonephritis increases a person's risk for kidney damage." - Pyelonephritis is a bacterial infection of the renal parenchyma and renal pelvis, typically caused by the ascent of bacteria from the lower urinary tract into the kidneys. If left untreated, it can lead to kidney damage, including scarring of the renal tissue and impaired kidney function.

B. "Pyelonephritis is an infection of the lower urinary tract." - This statement is incorrect. Pyelonephritis specifically involves the upper urinary tract, affecting the kidneys. In contrast, infections of the lower urinary tract (such as cystitis) affect the bladder and urethra.

C. "Pyelonephritis often causes no symptoms in affected clients." - This statement is incorrect. Pyelonephritis typically presents with symptoms such as fever, chills, flank pain, painful urination (dysuria), and frequent urination. Clients with pyelonephritis usually experience noticeable symptoms.

D. "Pyelonephritis is most often caused by Staphylococcus saprophyticus." - This statement is incorrect. While Staphylococcus saprophyticus is a common cause of urinary tract infections, pyelonephritis is more commonly caused by gram-negative bacteria, such as Escherichia coli, which often ascend from the lower urinary tract into the kidneys.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Increased urinary output: Phenazopyridine (Pyridium) does not directly impact urinary output. Its primary function is to provide relief from urinary pain, burning, and discomfort associated with urinary tract infections (UTIs) or other urinary conditions. It does not affect the amount of urine a person produces.

B. Decreased WBC's: Phenazopyridine does not directly influence white blood cell count (WBCs). WBC count is an indicator of the body's immune response and is typically used to assess the presence of infection. Phenazopyridine provides symptomatic relief but does not affect the underlying infection or the body's immune response to it.

C. Increased uric acid: Phenazopyridine does not affect uric acid levels. Uric acid is a waste product that is excreted by the kidneys. Elevated uric acid levels can be associated with conditions like gout, but Phenazopyridine does not have any direct impact on these levels.

D. Decreased bladder pain/spasms: Phenazopyridine is intended to relieve symptoms such as bladder pain, spasms, burning sensation, and discomfort experienced during urination. Therefore, the effectiveness of Phenazopyridine is indicated by a reduction in these symptoms. If the patient reports a decrease in bladder pain and spasms, it suggests that the medication is working to alleviate the discomfort associated with urinary tract issues.

A. Broccoli with cheese B. Glazed carrots C. Grilled cabbage D. Fried potatoes

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Broccoli with cheese
Broccoli is a good source of calcium and is also low in lactose, making it suitable for lactose-intolerant individuals. Advising the client to consume broccoli with cheese provides a calcium-rich option without relying on dairy products. Cheese can contribute additional calcium to the diet, and for many lactose-intolerant individuals, small amounts of cheese can be well-tolerated.

B. Glazed carrots - Carrots are not a substantial source of calcium.

C. Grilled cabbage - While cabbage is a healthy vegetable, it does not contain a significant amount of calcium compared to other sources.

D. Fried potatoes - Potatoes do not contain a significant amount of calcium and are not a suitable choice for increasing calcium levels.Explanation:

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A nurse is teaching a group of nursing students about pyelonephritis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client started on Phenazopyridine (Pyridium). Which of the following indicates this medication is effective?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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