A nurse is teaching a group of middle adult clients about osteoporosis. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include?

Prolonged sun exposure.

Reduced intake of vitamin E.

Drinking one glass of wine per day.

Exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D

Choice A rationale:

Prolonged sun exposure is a risk factor for osteoporosis because it can lead to vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption, and low levels of vitamin D can contribute to reduced bone density and increased risk of fractures.

Choice B rationale:

Reduced intake of vitamin E is not a well-established risk factor for osteoporosis. Vitamin E is an antioxidant and plays a role in various bodily processes, but its association with osteoporosis is not supported by strong evidence.

Choice C rationale:

Drinking one glass of wine per day is not a risk factor for osteoporosis. In fact, moderate alcohol consumption has been suggested to have a protective effect on bone density in some studies.

Choice D rationale:

Exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke is a risk factor for osteoporosis. Smoking and exposure to tobacco smoke have been linked to decreased bone density and increased risk of fractures, making this an important point to include in the teaching.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

The nurse should not instruct the older adult client with osteoporosis to increase high-impact activities. Osteoporosis is a condition characterized by decreased bone density and strength, making high-impact activities potentially harmful as they could increase the risk of fractures.

Choice B rationale:

The nurse should not advise the client to consume a low-protein diet. Adequate protein intake is essential for maintaining muscle mass and overall musculoskeletal health, especially in older adults who may be at risk of muscle wasting.

Choice C rationale:

The nurse should not encourage the client to maintain a BMI of 30 to 35. A BMI within this range is considered obese and can put additional stress on the musculoskeletal system, increasing the risk of joint problems and other health issues.

Choice D rationale:

Including fiber in the diet is a correct instruction for promoting musculoskeletal health. Fiber-rich foods can help maintain bowel regularity and prevent constipation, which is important for overall comfort and mobility in older adults with osteoporosis.

A. A client who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus and cannot afford insulin. B. A client who has Meniere's disease and cannot safely ambulate due to vertigo. C. A client who had a stroke and cannot eat or drink without choking. D. A client whose medications to manage Parkinson's disease are no longer effective.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Answer: D. A client whose medications to manage Parkinson's disease are no longer effective.

Rationale:

A) A client who is newly diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus and cannot afford insulin:

While this client has a significant medical issue, the primary concern here is financial rather than palliative. Palliative care focuses on providing relief from symptoms and improving quality of life for those with serious illnesses. Addressing the client's financial issues might involve social services or community resources rather than palliative care.

B) A client who has Meniere's disease and cannot safely ambulate due to vertigo:

Meniere's disease, while debilitating, may not necessarily require palliative care unless the symptoms are severely impacting the client's quality of life in a way that is not manageable with current treatments. Palliative care could be considered if the disease is severely limiting function and other supportive care is needed.

C) A client who had a stroke and cannot eat or drink without choking:

This client is experiencing a significant functional impairment due to the stroke, which might benefit from rehabilitative services rather than palliative care. Palliative care would be more appropriate if the client's condition is progressive, severe, and not responsive to treatment, leading to a focus on comfort and quality of life.

D) A client whose medications to manage Parkinson's disease are no longer effective:

When medications for Parkinson's disease are no longer effective, the client may be experiencing advanced symptoms and a decline in quality of life. Palliative care can provide symptom management, support, and enhance the client's quality of life when conventional treatments are no longer effective in controlling symptoms.

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A nurse is teaching a group of middle adult clients about osteoporosis. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is teaching an older adult client who has osteoporosis about ways to promote musculoskeletal health. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a group of clients. For which of the following clients should the nurse make a referral to palliative care?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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