A nurse is teaching a group of middle adult clients about osteoporosis. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include?

Prolonged sun exposure.

Reduced intake of vitamin E.

Drinking one glass of wine per day.

Exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D

Choice A rationale:

Prolonged sun exposure is a risk factor for osteoporosis because it can lead to vitamin D deficiency. Vitamin D is essential for calcium absorption, and low levels of vitamin D can contribute to reduced bone density and increased risk of fractures.

Choice B rationale:

Reduced intake of vitamin E is not a well-established risk factor for osteoporosis. Vitamin E is an antioxidant and plays a role in various bodily processes, but its association with osteoporosis is not supported by strong evidence.

Choice C rationale:

Drinking one glass of wine per day is not a risk factor for osteoporosis. In fact, moderate alcohol consumption has been suggested to have a protective effect on bone density in some studies.

Choice D rationale:

Exposure to second-hand tobacco smoke is a risk factor for osteoporosis. Smoking and exposure to tobacco smoke have been linked to decreased bone density and increased risk of fractures, making this an important point to include in the teaching.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

A 23-year-old client in skeletal traction may be at risk of pressure injuries, but being young and presumably healthier than the other options, this client may have a lower risk compared to the other choices.

Choice B rationale:

A 67-year-old client with coronary artery disease may be at risk of pressure injuries, especially if the client has limited mobility or is bedridden. However, coronary artery disease alone does not significantly increase the risk of pressure injuries.

Choice C rationale:

A 32-year-old client with a spinal cord injury is most at risk of developing a pressure injury. Spinal cord injuries often result in paralysis or limited mobility, leading to prolonged pressure on specific areas of the body, which can cause pressure ulcers.

Choice D rationale:

A 55-year-old client with emphysema may have compromised lung function, but this alone does not significantly increase the risk of pressure injuries. Pressure injuries are primarily related to immobility and pressure on specific body areas.

A. Place the client in a low Fowler's position with the knees bent. B. Cover the client's wound with a sterile saline-soaked dressing. C. Notify the surgeon about the finding. D. Prepare the client for transfer to surgery.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:
Placing the client in a low Fowler's position with the knees bent (Choice A) can help reduce tension on the abdominal incision, but it is not the priority when evisceration is present. The focus should be on immediate intervention and preparation for surgery.
Choice B rationale:
Covering the client's wound with a sterile saline-soaked dressing (Choice B) is essential to prevent further contamination and maintain moisture in the exposed tissue. This step helps protect the wound until the client can be taken to the operating room.
Choice C rationale:
Notifying the surgeon about the finding (Choice C) is important, but it should not be done before taking more immediate action. Evisceration requires prompt intervention and transfer to surgery, and the surgeon will be involved once the client is ready for the operation.
Choice D rationale:
Preparing the client for transfer to surgery (Choice D) is the correct sequence of steps in this situation. Evisceration is a surgical emergency that requires immediate intervention to prevent complications and infection. The nurse should stabilize the wound with a sterile dressing and then prepare the client for surgery promptly.

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A nurse is teaching a group of middle adult clients about osteoporosis. Which of the following risk factors should the nurse include?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for several clients who are at risk of developing a pressure injury. Which of the following clients is most at risk?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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