A nurse is providing teaching about disease management to a client who has multiple sclerosis. Which of the following statements should the nurse include in the teaching?
"Schedule all physical activities for the morning hours.".
"When taking fingolimod, you should monitor your blood pressure.".
"Avoid rigorous activities that increase body temperature.".
"Corticosteroids should be taken daily for the rest of your life.".
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
The nurse should not advise the client with multiple sclerosis to schedule all physical activities for the morning hours. While some individuals with multiple sclerosis may experience increased fatigue later in the day, the best approach is to encourage the client to schedule activities at times when they feel the most energetic and to balance physical activity with rest throughout the day.
Choice B rationale:
Monitoring blood pressure is essential while taking fingolimod, a medication used to treat multiple sclerosis, as it can cause a transient decrease in heart rate and blood pressure.
Therefore, the nurse should include this statement in the teaching to ensure the client's safety and early detection of any issues.
Choice C rationale:
This is the correct statement to include in the teaching. Clients with multiple sclerosis should avoid rigorous activities that increase body temperature, as this can worsen their symptoms due to the sensitivity of demyelinated nerves to heat. Activities such as hot baths or engaging in strenuous exercise in hot weather should be avoided.
Choice D rationale:
Corticosteroids are not typically used as a long-term treatment for multiple sclerosis. Instead, they are used for short courses during exacerbations to reduce inflammation and manage acute symptoms. Long-term use of corticosteroids can lead to significant adverse effects, so the nurse should not include this statement in the teaching.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
The client's ABG values show a pH of 7.48, PCO2 of 30 mm Hg, HCO3 of 24 mEq/L, and PaO2 of 85 mm Hg. The elevated pH and decreased PCO2 (respiratory component) suggest respiratory alkalosis. Respiratory alkalosis occurs when there is excessive ventilation, leading to a decrease in carbon dioxide levels (hypocapnia) and subsequent alkalosis.
Choice B rationale:
Respiratory acidosis is characterized by an elevated PCO2 and decreased pH. In this case, the client's PCO2 is decreased, indicating respiratory alkalosis rather than respiratory acidosis.
Choice C rationale:
Metabolic alkalosis is characterized by an elevated HCO3 (bicarbonate) level and an increased pH. The client's HCO3 level is within the normal range, making metabolic alkalosis an incorrect identification.
Choice D rationale:
Metabolic acidosis is characterized by a decreased HCO3 level and a decreased pH. The client's HCO3 level is within the normal range, ruling out metabolic acidosis as the acid-base imbalance in this case.
Correct Answer is ["B","D"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Lurasidone does not necessarily need to be taken on an empty stomach. It can be taken with or without food.
Choice B rationale:
Avoiding grapefruit juice is essential with lurasidone as it can interfere with the drug's metabolism and increase the risk of side effects.
Choice C rationale:
Changing positions slowly is relevant for medications that can cause orthostatic hypotension, but lurasidone is not typically associated with this side effect.
Choice D rationale:
Lurasidone can cause insomnia in some individuals, so it is important for the client to be aware of this potential side effect. It is best taken in the evening to minimize this effect.
Choice E rationale:
While involuntary movements (extrapyramidal symptoms) can occur with some antipsychotic medications, lurasidone has a lower risk of causing these side effects compared to older antipsychotics. It is not a major concern with lurasidone treatment.
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