A nurse is teaching a community education course about the physical complications related to substance use disorder. Which of the following findings should the nurse include in the discussion as a health risk of heroin use?
Nasal septum perforation
Slowed breathing
Acute pancreatitis
Permanent short-term memory loss
The Correct Answer is B
Heroin is an opioid drug that depresses the central nervous system, which can lead to respiratory depression. This means that heroin can slow down a person's breathing rate, potentially leading to shallow breathing or even stopping of breathing altogether. This is a life-threatening complication and one of the most significant dangers of heroin use.
The other options listed are associated with other substances or conditions:
A- Nasal septum perforation is commonly associated with the use of cocaine, not heroin.
C- Acute pancreatitis is not a commonly reported complication of heroin use.
D- Permanent short-term memory loss is not a specific complication of heroin use, though chronic substance abuse can lead to cognitive impairments and memory problems in general.
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Correct Answer is D
Explanation
This response acknowledges the client's feelings and respects their desire for space and silence. By offering to sit with the client, the nurse provides a comforting presence without pressuring the client to talk or share their emotions. It shows understanding and support for the client's current emotional state.
The other options may not be as helpful in this situation:
A- "Why are you feeling so down?" can be seen as intrusive and may make the client feel defensive or overwhelmed. It's important to respect the client's boundaries and not push them to explain their feelings if they are not ready.
B- "It might help you feel better if you talk about it." While talking about feelings can be beneficial for some individuals, it should be done on the client's terms. Pressuring the client to talk about their emotions may create additional distress.
C- "I understand. I've felt like that before, too." While sharing personal experiences can be a way to establish rapport, it should be done cautiously and with consideration for the client's unique situation. In this case, the focus should be on the client's needs rather than the nurse's experiences.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Remaining with the client provides them with a sense of security, reassurance, and support. It shows the client that they are not alone and that the nurse is there to provide assistance and care. By being present and offering a calming presence, the nurse can help the client feel more at ease and gradually reduce their anxiety.
It's important to note that the other options are not the most appropriate actions in this situation:
A- Having the client join a therapy group may be overwhelming and may not be suitable during the acute phase of panic-level anxiety.
B- Suggesting that the client rest in bed may not address their immediate anxiety and may not be feasible if the client is experiencing intense anxiety symptoms.
D- Medicating the client with a sedative should be done based on a healthcare provider's order and assessment of the client's condition. It is not the initial therapeutic intervention and should only be considered if other non-medication interventions are ineffective or if the client's anxiety becomes severe and unmanageable.
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