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A nurse is teaching a client who is at 15 weeks of gestation and is to undergo an amniocentesis. The nurse should explain that the purpose of this test is to identify which of the following conditions? (Select all that apply.)

Rh incompatibility

Fetal gender

Cephalopelvic disproportion

Anomalies in fetal chromosomes

Neural tube defects

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : B,D,E

Explanation:

A. Rh incompatibility

Amniocentesis is not used to identify Rh incompatibility. Rh incompatibility occurs when the mother is Rh-negative, and the baby is Rh-positive, leading to potential complications if the mother develops antibodies against the baby's Rh-positive blood cells. However, this condition is typically managed through other means such as Rh immunoglobulin (RhIg) administration.

B. Fetal gender

Amniocentesis can determine the fetal gender by analyzing the chromosomes present in the fetal cells obtained from the amniotic fluid. The presence of a Y chromosome indicates a male fetus, while its absence indicates a female fetus. Therefore, fetal gender can be identified through amniocentesis.

C. Cephalopelvic disproportion

Cephalopelvic disproportion refers to a situation where the baby's head is too large to pass through the mother's pelvis during childbirth. This condition is typically diagnosed during labor based on the progress of labor and fetal descent. Amniocentesis is not used to identify cephalopelvic disproportion.

D. Anomalies in fetal chromosomes

Amniocentesis is primarily used to identify anomalies in fetal chromosomes, such as chromosomal abnormalities like Down syndrome (Trisomy 21), Trisomy 18, and Trisomy 13. It can also detect other chromosomal abnormalities and genetic disorders caused by changes in the number or structure of chromosomes.

E. Neural tube defects

Amniocentesis can detect neural tube defects, such as spina bifida and anencephaly, by analyzing levels of alpha-fetoprotein (AFP) and other markers in the amniotic fluid. Elevated levels of AFP may indicate a neural tube defect.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Explanation:

To calculate the estimated date of delivery (EDD) based on the client's last menstrual period (LMP), the nurse can use Naegele's rule. Naegele's rule calculates the EDD by adding 7 days to the first day of the LMP, subtracting 3 months, and then adding 1 year.

Given the client's last menstrual period was July 4, 2020, we can apply Naegele's rule:

Add 7 days to July 4, 2020: July 11, 2020

Subtract 3 months: April 11, 2020

Add 1 year: April 11, 2021

Therefore, the appropriate response by the nurse is:

B. April 11, 2021

A. Report of headache B. Polyuria C. Tachycardia D. Absence of clonus

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Explanation:

A. Report of headache

Severe preeclampsia is characterized by hypertension (high blood pressure) along with other signs and symptoms of preeclampsia, such as proteinuria (protein in the urine) and end-organ dysfunction. Headache is a common symptom associated with severe preeclampsia and is often described as persistent and severe.

B. Polyuria

Polyuria, or excessive urination, is not typically associated with severe preeclampsia. In fact, decreased urine output (oliguria) can be a concern in severe cases due to reduced kidney function and fluid retention.

C. Tachycardia

Tachycardia, or a rapid heart rate, is not a typical finding in severe preeclampsia. In fact, hypertension and vascular constriction associated with preeclampsia can lead to normal or even lower heart rates in some cases.

D. Absence of clonus

Clonus refers to rhythmic, involuntary muscle contractions and relaxations. In the context of preeclampsia, the presence of clonus (especially hyperreflexia and positive clonus) is a concerning sign associated with central nervous system irritability and potential seizures. Absence of clonus would not be an expected finding in severe preeclampsia, as neurological manifestations such as hyperreflexia and clonus can occur in more severe cases.

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A nurse is teaching a client who is at 15 weeks of gestation and is to undergo an amniocentesis. The nurse should explain that the purpose of this test is to identify which of the following conditions? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse in a prenatal clinic is caring for a client who asks what her estimated date of delivery will be if her last menstrual period was July 4, 2020. Which of the following is the appropriate response by the nurse?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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