A nurse is teaching a client who has hypertension and is prescribed nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker, about self-care measures. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication.

Monitor your blood pressure and pulse regularly.

Report any swelling in your ankles or feet to your provider.

Do not stop taking this medication abruptly.

Chew or crush the sustained-release tablet for faster action.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,C,D

Nifedipine is a calcium channel blocker that lowers blood pressure by relaxing the blood vessels and reducing the workload of the heart.

The following instructions should be included in the teaching:

• Avoid drinking alcohol while taking this medication. Alcohol can increase the risk of side effects such as dizziness, flushing, headache, and low blood pressure.

• Monitor your blood pressure and pulse regularly. This will help to evaluate the effectiveness of the medication and detect any abnormal changes. Normal blood pressure for adults is less than 130/80 mm Hg and normal pulse rate is 60 to 100 beats per minute.

• Report any swelling in your ankles or feet to your provider. This can be a sign of fluid retention or heart failure, which are possible complications of nifedipine.

• Do not stop taking this medication abruptly. This can cause a rebound increase in blood pressure and chest pain. The dose should be tapered gradually under the supervision of the provider.

Choice E is wrong because chewing or crushing the sustained-release tablet can cause too much of the drug to be released at once, which can lead to overdose or severe side effects.

The tablet should be swallowed whole with a glass of water.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) block the binding of angiotensin II to its receptors on blood vessels and adrenal glands, preventing its vasoconstrictive and aldosterone-stimulating effects

Choice A is wrong because beta blockers do not block angiotensin II receptors, but rather beta-adrenergic receptors, which are involved in the sympathetic nervous system.Beta blockers reduce heart rate and blood pressure by inhibiting the effects of adrenaline and noradrenaline

Choice B is wrong because calcium channel blockers do not block angiotensin II receptors, but rather calcium channels, which are involved in the contraction of smooth muscle cells.Calcium channel blockers relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure by reducing the influx of calcium into the cells

Choice D is wrong because direct acting vasodilators do not block angiotensin II receptors, but rather act directly on the smooth muscle cells of blood vessels, causing them to relax and dilate.Direct acting vasodilators lower blood pressure by decreasing peripheral resistance

A. Beta blockers B. Calcium channel blockers C. Angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) D. Direct acting vasodilators E. Adrenergic drugs.

Correct Answer is E

Explanation

Adrenergic drugs.These are drugs that stimulate the sympathetic nervous system by mimicking or enhancing the effects of epinephrine and norepinephrine, the chemical messengers that activate adrenergic receptors.Adrenergic drugs can increase blood pressure, heart rate, cardiac output, vascular tone, and renin release by acting on different types of adrenergic receptors.

Choice A is wrong because beta blockers are drugs that inhibit the sympathetic nervous system by blocking the beta adrenergic receptors, which are responsible for increasing heart rate and contractility. Beta blockers can lower blood pressure and reduce cardiac workload.

Choice B is wrong because calcium channel blockers are drugs that inhibit the movement of calcium ions across the cell membrane of smooth muscle cells, which are found in blood vessels and the heart.Calcium channel blockers can relax blood vessels and lower blood pressure, as well as reduce heart rate and contractility.

Choice C is wrong because angiotensin II receptor blockers (ARBs) are drugs that block the action of angiotensin II, a hormone that causes vasoconstriction and stimulates the release of aldosterone, which increases sodium and water retention.

ARBs can lower blood pressure by dilating blood

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A nurse is teaching a client who has hypertension and is prescribed nifedipine, a calcium channel blocker, about self-care measures. Which of the following instructions should the nurse include? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

Which drug blocks the binding of angiotensin II to its receptors on blood vessels and adrenal glands, preventing its vasoconstrictive and aldosterone-stimulating effects?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Which drugs act on the sympathetic nervous system, which regulates blood pressure by controlling heart rate, cardiac output, vascular tone, and renin release?

Correct Answer is E

Explanation

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