A nurse is caring for a client who has hypertension and is prescribed metoprolol, a beta blocker. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following adverse effects?
Tachycardia
Hyperglycemia
Bronchospasm
Hyperkalemia.
The Correct Answer is C
This is because metoprolol is a beta blocker, which can block the beta-2 receptors in the lungs and cause constriction of the airways. This can lead to breathing problems such as shortness of breath, cough, and wheezing. Bronchospasm is more likely to occur in people who have asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Choice A is wrong because tachycardia, or fast heart rate, is not an adverse effect of metoprolol. In fact, metoprolol can lower the heart rate by blocking the beta-1 receptors in the heart. A normal resting heart rate for adults ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute (bpm). Metoprolol can cause bradycardia, or slow heart rate, which can be a serious side effect if it is too low.
Choice B is wrong because hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, is not an adverse effect of metoprolol. Metoprolol does not affect the insulin secretion or glucose metabolism in the body. A normal blood sugar level for adults without diabetes is less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) two hours after eating. Metoprolol can cause hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, in people who have diabetes and take insulin or other glucose-lowering medications. This is because metoprolol can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia, such as palpitations and tremors.
Choice D is wrong because hyperkalemia, or high potassium, is not an adverse effect of metoprolol. Metoprolol does not affect the potassium balance in the body.
A normal blood potassium level for adults is 3.6 to 5.2 millimoles per liter (mmol/L)
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
The nurse should monitor the serum potassium level to determine the therapeutic effectiveness of digoxin (Lanoxin), a cardiac glycoside that improves the contractility and pumping ability of the heart. Digoxin has a narrow therapeutic range and can cause toxicity if the serum level is too high or if the patient has hypokalemia (low potassium).Hypokalemia can result from diuretic therapy, which is often prescribed for heart failure patients to reduce fluid overload.
Therefore, the nurse should monitor the serum potassium level and report any abnormal values to the provider.The normal potassium level is 3.5 to 5.0 mEq/L.
Choice B) Serum sodium level is wrong because sodium level is not directly affected by digoxin therapy.
Sodium level may be altered in heart failure patients due to fluid retention or diuretic use, but it does not indicate the effectiveness of digoxin.
Choice C) Serum magnesium level is wrong because magnesium level is not directly affected by digoxin therapy.
Magnesium level may be altered in heart failure patients due to diuretic use or renal impairment, but it does not indicate the effectiveness of digoxin.
Choice D) Serum calcium level is wrong because calcium level is not directly affected by digoxin therapy.
Calcium level may be altered in heart failure patients due to renal impairment or vitamin D deficiency, but it does not indicate the effectiveness of digoxin.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
The nurse should advise the patient with heart failure to limit or avoid canned soups and sauces because they are high in sodium, which can cause fluid retention and worsen cardiac function.Sodium intake should be restricted to less than 2 g per day for patients with heart failure.
Choice A is wrong because fresh fruits and vegetables are good sources of potassium, magnesium, and fiber, which are beneficial for heart health.Potassium and magnesium help regulate fluid and electrolyte balance, and fiber helps lower cholesterol and blood pressure.
Choice B is wrong because whole grains and cereals are also rich in fiber, as well as complex carbohydrates, which provide energy and prevent rapid fluctuations in blood glucose levels.Whole grains and cereals may also contain phytochemicals that have antioxidant and anti-inflammatory effects.
Choice C is wrong because lean meats and poultry are low in saturated fat and cholesterol, which can contribute to atherosclerosis and coronary artery disease. Lean meats and poultry provide protein, which is essential for tissue repair and wound healing.Protein intake should be adequate but not excessive for patients with heart failure, as too much protein can increase the workload of the kidneys.
Whether you are a student looking to ace your exams or a practicing nurse seeking to enhance your expertise , our nursing education contents will empower you with the confidence and competence to make a difference in the lives of patients and become a respected leader in the healthcare field.
Visit Naxlex, invest in your future and unlock endless possibilities with our unparalleled nursing education contents today
Report Wrong Answer on the Current Question
Do you disagree with the answer? If yes, what is your expected answer? Explain.
Kindly be descriptive with the issue you are facing.