A nurse is planning to administer mannitol to a client who has heart failure and pulmonary edema. Which of the following actions should the nurse take before giving the medication?
Check the urine output.
Check the blood pressure.
Check the blood glucose.
Check the oxygen saturation.
The Correct Answer is A
Mannitol is an osmotic diuretic that increases urine output and decreases intracranial pressure and intraocular pressure. The nurse should check the urine output before giving the medication to ensure adequate renal function and prevent fluid overload and electrolyte imbalance. The normal urine output is 0.5 to 1 mL/kg/hr.
Choice B is wrong because checking the blood pressure is not specific to mannitol administration. Mannitol can cause hypotension or hypertension depending on the fluid status of the client, but this is not the priority action before giving the medication.
Choice C is wrong because checking the blood glucose is not relevant to mannitol administration. Mannitol does not affect blood glucose levels.
Choice D is wrong because checking the oxygen saturation is not related to mannitol administration. Mannitol does not affect oxygen saturation levels.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["A","C"]
Explanation
Losartan (Cozaar) is an angiotensin II receptor blocker (ARB) that is used to treat heart failure by lowering blood pressure and reducing fluid retention.
Patients taking losartan should:
• Weigh themselves every morning and report any changes.
This helps to monitor fluid status and detect signs of worsening heart failure.Weight gain of more than 2 kg (4.4 lb) in a week or 1 kg (2.2 lb) in a day should be reported to the health care provider.
• Call their doctor if they have a sore throat or fever.This could indicate an infection or a rare but serious side effect of losartan called angioedema, which causes swelling of the face, lips, tongue, or throat.
The other choices are wrong because:
• Losartan does not need to be taken with food to prevent stomach upset.It can be taken with or without food.
• Losartan does not increase the sensitivity to sunlight.However, some other medications for heart failure, such as diuretics, may do so.
• Drinking plenty of fluids to stay hydrated is not recommended for patients with heart failure, as it may worsen fluid retention and overload the heart.Patients should follow their prescribed fluid restriction and limit their sodium intake.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
This is because metoprolol is a beta blocker, which can block the beta-2 receptors in the lungs and cause constriction of the airways.This can lead to breathing problems such as shortness of breath, cough, and wheezing. Bronchospasm is more likely to occur in people who have asthma or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD).
Choice A is wrong because tachycardia, or fast heart rate, is not an adverse effect of metoprolol. In fact, metoprolol can lower the heart rate by blocking the beta-1 receptors in the heart.A normal resting heart rate for adults ranges from 60 to 100 beats per minute (bpm).Metoprolol can cause bradycardia, or slow heart rate, which can be a serious side effect if it is too low.
Choice B is wrong because hyperglycemia, or high blood sugar, is not an adverse effect of metoprolol. Metoprolol does not affect the insulin secretion or glucose metabolism in the body.A normal blood sugar level for adults without diabetes is less than 140 mg/dL (7.8 mmol/L) two hours after eating. Metoprolol can cause hypoglycemia, or low blood sugar, in people who have diabetes and take insulin or other glucose-lowering medications.This is because metoprolol can mask the symptoms of hypoglycemia, such as palpitations and tremors.
Choice D is wrong because hyperkalemia, or high potassium, is not an adverse effect of metoprolol. Metoprolol does not affect the potassium balance in the body.
A normal blood potassium level for adults is 3.6 to 5.2 millimoles per liter (mmol/L)
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