A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for zolpidem. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following is an adverse effect of zolpidem?

Memory loss

Dry mouth

Hypertension

Urinary retention

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A) Memory loss:
Zolpidem, a sedative-hypnotic commonly prescribed for insomnia, can cause memory problems, including short-term memory loss. This is a known adverse effect of zolpidem, especially when taken in higher doses or when a person is not able to get a full night’s sleep after taking the medication. This side effect can manifest as amnesia or difficulty recalling events that occurred while under the influence of the medication.

B) Dry mouth:
While dry mouth is a common side effect of many medications, including some antihistamines and antidepressants, it is not a typical or major adverse effect associated with zolpidem. Though less common, it may occur in some individuals, but it is not considered a primary or significant adverse effect of this drug.

C) Hypertension:
Zolpidem does not typically cause hypertension. In fact, it is more likely to cause a calming effect that may lead to a decrease in blood pressure, particularly in individuals who experience sedation. It is important for the nurse to monitor for any unusual changes in vital signs, but hypertension is not a known adverse effect of zolpidem.

D) Urinary retention:
Urinary retention is more commonly associated with medications that affect the autonomic nervous system, such as antihistamines, anticholinergics, or certain opioids. Zolpidem is not typically associated with urinary retention. While any sedative could potentially cause mild disruptions in normal bladder function due to its sedative properties, urinary retention is not a frequent or well-known side effect of zolpidem.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) "Break needles on syringes before disposal":
Breaking needles before disposal is not a safe practice because it increases the risk of injury to staff during disposal. Needles should be disposed of intact in designated sharps containers to prevent injury. Tampering with used needles or syringes could expose staff to bloodborne pathogens.

B) "Use two hands to recap a needle after administering a medication":
The use of two hands to recap a needle is a high-risk behavior and should be avoided. The proper procedure is to never recap a needle after use. If recapping is absolutely necessary, a one-handed technique using the cap or a mechanical device should be employed to reduce the risk of needlestick injuries. The best practice is to dispose of the needle immediately in a sharps container.

C) "Dispose of used razors in wastebaskets":
Used razors should never be disposed of in wastebaskets, as this poses a significant risk of injury to waste management personnel. Razors, like needles and other sharp objects, should be placed in a designated sharps container. These containers are puncture-resistant and provide a safe environment for the disposal of used sharp items.

D) "Replace sharps containers when they are 3/4 full":
Sharps containers should be replaced when they are 3/4 full to prevent overfilling, which increases the risk of needlestick injuries. Overfilled containers can also make it difficult to dispose of new sharps safely. It is essential to follow institutional guidelines for the proper disposal of sharps and ensure that containers are replaced in a timely manner to maintain a safe environment.

A. use hot water so rinse hand sanitizer off B. Dry hands with a reusable towel. C. Rub hands together 20 seconds, D. Rub hand sanitizer around rings on fingers.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A) Use hot water so rinse hand sanitizer off:
Using hot water is not recommended when performing hand hygiene with alcohol-based hand sanitizer. Alcohol-based sanitizers do not require rinsing off, as they are designed to evaporate quickly, killing germs as they dry. Rinsing with water, especially hot water, can dilute the sanitizer, reducing its effectiveness. Hands should be left to dry naturally after applying the sanitizer.

B) Dry hands with a reusable towel:
While towels can be used for drying hands after washing with soap and water, they should not be used after alcohol-based hand sanitizers. Alcohol hand sanitizers should be allowed to air dry on the hands. Using a towel could reintroduce contaminants and diminish the effectiveness of the sanitizer. Ideally, hands should be rubbed together until they are dry without the need for any towel.

C) Rub hands together for 20 seconds:
Alcohol-based hand sanitizers are effective in killing germs in a short amount of time—usually within 20 seconds or less. However, the correct technique for using alcohol-based hand sanitizers involves rubbing hands together until they are completely dry, not for a full 20 seconds as one might with handwashing. The important factor is ensuring the sanitizer has covered all surfaces of the hands, including between fingers and around nails, before allowing it to air dry.

D) Rub hand sanitizer around rings on fingers:
Rubbing the hand sanitizer around rings is a necessary step. Jewelry, such as rings, can harbor bacteria or other pathogens, making it essential to ensure the sanitizer comes into contact with areas that are often missed during hand hygiene, like around rings. The nurse should rub the hand sanitizer thoroughly over all surfaces of the hands, including around jewelry, to ensure effective hand hygiene.

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A nurse is teaching a client who has a new prescription for zolpidem. The nurse should instruct the client that which of the following is an adverse effect of zolpidem?

Nursing Test Bank

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Explanation

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