A nurse is teaching a client who has a new diagnosis of diabetes mellitus about foot care.
Which of the following instructions should the nurse include in the teaching?
Soak feet twice daily.
Wear clean cotton socks every day.
Round the edges of toenails when trimming.
Use moisturizing lotion between the toes.
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The Correct Answer is B
The correct answer is choice B. Wear clean cotton socks every day.
This is because cotton socks can help keep the feet dry and prevent infections. Wearing clean socks every day can also prevent blisters and injuries from friction.
Choice A is wrong because soaking feet twice daily can make the skin too soft and prone to injury. It can also wash away natural oils that protect the skin.
Choice C is wrong because rounding the edges of toenails when trimming can cause ingrown nails, which can lead to infection and pain. Toenails should be trimmed straight across and filed smooth.
Choice D is wrong because using moisturizing lotion between the toes can create a moist environment that promotes fungal growth. Moisturizing lotion should be applied to the rest of the feet, but not between the toes.
Some other foot care guidelines for people with diabetes are:
- Inspect your feet daily and look for signs of injury, such as scrapes, cuts, blisters, etc.
- Wash your feet every day in warm water with mild soap.
Hot water and harsh soaps can damage your skin. Check the water temperature with your fingers or elbow before putting your feet in.
- Don’t walk barefoot.
Protect your feet from heat and cold. Wear appropriate fitting shoes to avoid injury and blisters.
- See a doctor to remove corns or calluses (don’t do it yourself). Don’t use chemical wart removers, razor blades, corn plasters, or liquid corn or callus removers.
- Don’t sit with your legs crossed or stand in one position for long periods of time.
- See your doctor regularly for foot exams and report any problems or changes in your feet.
References:
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is ["C","D","E"]
Explanation
The correct answer is choice CDE.
Choice A rationale:
Eating fish for dinner at least twice per week is not specifically recommended for pancreatitis patients. A low-fat diet is generally advised, but the frequency of fish consumption is not a key point in discharge teaching.
Choice B rationale:
Limiting coffee intake is not a primary focus in pancreatitis discharge instructions. While caffeine can irritate the digestive system, the emphasis is more on avoiding alcohol and fatty foods.
Choice C rationale:
Eating small, frequent meals is recommended to avoid overloading the digestive system and to help manage symptoms of pancreatitis.
Choice D rationale:
Pale bowel movements can indicate a problem with bile flow, which is not a normal expectation for pancreatitis patients. This could suggest a complication that needs medical attention.
Choice E rationale:
Dark urine can be a sign of dehydration or liver issues, which should be reported to a healthcare provider as it may indicate a complication.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
The correct answer is choice C. “Perform chest percussion and postural drainage at least twice daily.” This is because chest percussion and postural drainage are airway clearance techniques that help remove thick mucus from the lungs of children who have cystic fibrosis. This can prevent respiratory infections and improve lung function.
Choice A is wrong because a bronchodilator should be administered before airway clearance therapy, not after. A bronchodilator helps open up the airways and make it easier to cough up mucus.
Choice B is wrong because pancreatic enzymes should be administered with meals and snacks, not on an empty stomach.
Pancreatic enzymes help digest fats, proteins, and carbohydrates in children who have cystic fibrosis. This can prevent malnutrition and growth failure.
Choice D is wrong because there is no need to restrict gluten intake for children who have cystic fibrosis, unless they also have celiac disease.
Gluten is a protein found in wheat, barley, and rye that can cause intestinal damage in people who have celiac disease. Cystic fibrosis does not affect the ability to tolerate gluten.
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