A nurse is teaching a client about risk factors for osteoarthritis. Which of the following factors should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Smoking

Bacteria

Diuretics

Aging

Obesity

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,D,E

A. Smoking has been associated with an increased risk of developing osteoarthritis, particularly in the knees and hips. Smoking may contribute to inflammation and oxidative stress, which can exacerbate joint damage.

D. Aging is a significant risk factor for osteoarthritis. As individuals age, the cartilage in their joints may naturally deteriorate over time, leading to the development of osteoarthritis.

E. Obesity is a well-established risk factor for osteoarthritis, particularly in weight-bearing joints such as the knees and hips. Excess body weight places increased stress on the joints, leading to accelerated wear and tear of the joint cartilage.

B. Bacteria are not typically associated with the development of osteoarthritis. Osteoarthritis is primarily a non-inflammatory condition related to wear and tear on the joints rather than an infectious process.

C. Diuretics are medications used to treat conditions such as hypertension and edema by increasing urine output. There is no direct evidence linking diuretic use to the development of osteoarthritis.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. Alcohol consumption, especially beer and spirits, is associated with an increased risk of gout attacks as it can elevate uric acid levels in the body. Limiting alcohol intake can help prevent gout attacks.

A. While adequate hydration is important for overall health, limiting fluid intake to 1 liter per day may not be appropriate, especially considering that hydration can help prevent gout attacks.

C. While aspirin is commonly used for pain relief, it is not typically recommended for gout management.

D. High-purine foods such as red meat, organ meats, and certain seafood can exacerbate gout symptoms by increasing uric acid levels in the body. Therefore, closely following a high-purine diet would likely worsen gout symptoms rather than improve them.

A. Inability to move toes. B. Pallor of the toes. C. Edema of the toes. D. Change in temperature of the toes.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

B. Pallor of the toes indicates compromised blood flow and is the earliest sign of circulatory impairment due to tightness of the cast.

A. Inability to move toes may be a sign of tightness in the cast, but it is not the first finding to be expected if the cast is too tight.

C. Change in temperature of the toes may be a sign of impaired circulation, but it is not the earliest finding to be expected.

D. Edema of the toes may occur as a result of compromised circulation, but it is not the first finding to be expected if the cast is too tight.

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A nurse is teaching a client about risk factors for osteoarthritis. Which of the following factors should the nurse include in the teaching? (Select all that apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is completing discharge instructions with a client following an acute onset of gout. Which of the following client statements indicates an understanding of the treatment regimen?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is assessing a client following the application of a leg cast for the treatment of a fracture. If the cast is too tight, which of the following findings should the nurse expect to observe first?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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