A nurse is teaching a class on ethical principles. The nurse should include that protecting a client's safety by not causing harm refers to which of the following ethical principles?

Nonmaleficence

Beneficence

Fidelity

Justice

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   This ethical principle directly addresses the idea of doing no harm. It is a fundamental obligation of healthcare professionals to protect patients from injury.
B.   While related to doing good, beneficence focuses on actively promoting the well-being of patients. While important, it doesn't specifically address the concept of avoiding harm.
C.   Fidelity refers to faithfulness and keeping promises. It is important in building trust but doesn't directly address the prevention of harm.
D.   Justice is about fairness and equality in healthcare. While important, it doesn't specifically address the prevention of harm to an individual patient.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Evaluating pain relief involves assessing the effectiveness of pain management, which requires clinical judgment, assessment skills, and an understanding of the client’s response to medication. This task involves interpreting changes in pain levels and making decisions about further interventions, which is beyond the scope of an AP’s responsibilities.
B. Wound irrigation involves a clinical procedure that requires specialized knowledge and skills, including understanding wound care techniques and infection control practices. This task requires a level of assessment and clinical decision-making that APs are not trained to perform.
C. Teaching a client about dietary changes, such as low-sodium foods, requires specialized knowledge about nutrition and the ability to tailor information to the client’s specific needs. This type of education involves clinical judgment and expertise in dietary management, which is not within the scope of an AP’s role.
D. Measuring and recording intake and output (I&O) involves tracking the volume of fluids consumed and excreted by a client. This task is a basic responsibility that APs are trained to perform, as it involves straightforward data collection without requiring clinical judgment. The recorded data can then be used by RNs or LPNs to make further clinical decisions.

A. The client ate 60% of their breakfast. B. The client reports dizziness when ambulating to the bathroom. C. The client reports having trouble sleeping the previous night D. The client has a urine output of 400 mL for the past 8 hr.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Eating 60% of breakfast is generally not a significant concern regarding the administration of antihypertensive medication. However, if the client had a significantly reduced intake or other issues, it might warrant attention, but 60% of a meal typically does not.
B. This finding is significant and indicates that further assessment is necessary before administering antihypertensive medication. Dizziness, especially when related to ambulation, could be a sign of hypotension or an adverse effect of antihypertensive medication.
C. Trouble sleeping can be related to various factors, including stress, side effects of medication, or underlying health conditions. While it is important to consider the client’s overall well-being, this finding does not immediately indicate a need for further assessment before administering antihypertensive medication.
D. Urine output of 400 mL over 8 hours indicates a urine output of 50 mL per hour, which is within the normal range for adults. This finding is unlikely to require further assessment specifically in relation to the administration of antihypertensive medication.

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A nurse is teaching a class on ethical principles. The nurse should include that protecting a client's safety by not causing harm refers to which of the following ethical principles?

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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