A nurse is talking with the guardian of a school-aged child recently diagnosed with intermittent explosive disorder (IED). The guardian says. "My child is impulsive, acts out aggressively, and then seems pleased with themselves. How can my child be happy?" Which of the following responses should the nurse make?

A. The use-even one time-of any substance: Too broad and does not specify harm or misuse. Using a prescribed medication once wouldn't necessarily be misuse.

B. The use of a psychoactive compound/drug/substance in an amount or frequency that causes harm to the person or others. Defines misuse as harmful use impacting health or safety. Substance misuse involves using substances in a way that causes harm, which can include physical, psychological, or social consequences.

C. The use of any substance in a manner, situation, amount or frequency that can cause harm to users or to those around them: While this choice highlights potential harm, it lacks specificity regarding psychoactive substances. It’s a broader concept that may include non-psychoactive substances as well.

D. The use of a psychoactive compound/drug/substance that poses hazards to health and impacts all aspects of the client's life: This definition is comprehensive but not as succinct as choice B. It encompasses physical, psychological, and social consequences of substance misuse.

A. "Medication is usually not prescribed to treat oppositional defiant disorder. Let's discuss some behavioral strategies you can use." Behavioral interventions are the mainstay of treatment for ODD. Medications are not typically recommended unless there are comorbid conditions like ADHD or aggression that do not respond to behavioral interventions alone.

B. There are many medications that will help your child manage aggression and destructiveness. The health care provider will discuss them with you: This statement is misleading as medications are not first-line for ODD.

C. "Medication is not used to treat this oppositional defiant disorder because it is behavioral in nature.": This is an oversimplification; while primarily behavioral, medications might be considered in certain cases.

D. "It's a common misconception that there is a medication available to treat every health problem.": This statement dismisses the possibility of appropriate medication when needed.