A nurse is taking care of a patient who is nauseous and vomiting.
Which of the following acid-base imbalances should the nurse identify the patient is at risk for?
Respiratory alkalosis.
Metabolic alkalosis.
Metabolic Acidosis.
Respiratory acidosis.
Respiratory acidosis.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Respiratory alkalosis is typically associated with hyperventilation, which can occur in conditions such as anxiety, fever, or certain lung diseases. However, it is less likely in a patient who is nauseous and vomiting.
Choice B rationale
Metabolic alkalosis is a condition that can occur due to the loss of acid from the body, which can happen when a patient is vomiting. When a person vomits, they lose stomach acid (hydrochloric acid), and this can disrupt the acid-base balance in the body, leading to metabolic alkalosis.
Choice C rationale
Metabolic acidosis is typically associated with conditions that cause the accumulation of acid in the body or the loss of bicarbonate, such as kidney disease, lactic acidosis, or certain poisonings. It is less likely in a patient who is nauseous and vomiting.
Choice D rationale
Respiratory acidosis is typically associated with conditions that cause an inability to remove enough carbon dioxide from the body, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or airway obstruction. It is less likely in a patient who is nauseous and vomiting.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Memory loss is not typically associated with inadequate dietary intake of fiber. Memory loss can be a symptom of various conditions such as Alzheimer’s disease, dementia, or certain vitamin deficiencies, but it is not directly linked to fiber intake.
Choice B rationale
Bleeding gums are not typically a symptom of inadequate dietary intake of fiber. Bleeding gums are more commonly associated with conditions such as gingivitis or vitamin C deficiency, not a lack of dietary fiber.
Choice C rationale
Constipation is the correct answer. Inadequate intake of dietary fiber can lead to constipation. Dietary fiber adds bulk to the diet and helps prevent constipation by promoting regular bowel movements.
Choice D rationale
Brittle hair is not typically a symptom of inadequate dietary intake of fiber. Brittle hair can be a sign of malnutrition or lack of certain nutrients like protein, but it is not directly linked to fiber intake.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Allowing the client to rest in a supine position during feeding should prompt the charge nurse to intervene. The client should be in an upright position during feedings and for an hour afterwards to prevent aspiration.
Choice B rationale
Irrigating the NG tube with tap water after feeding is a standard practice. This helps to keep the tube patent and prevent blockages.
Choice C rationale
Administering the feeding through a syringe barrel by gravity is a common method for giving intermittent tube feedings. This method allows for controlled administration of the feeding.
Choice D rationale
Initiating the feeding after aspirating 50 ml of gastric residual is a standard practice. Checking gastric residual volume before feedings helps to assess gastric emptying and tolerance to the feeding.
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