A nurse is caring for an older adult client.
The client has an increased risk for dehydration due to which of the following physiological changes that can occur with aging?
Decrease in systolic blood pressure
Increase in saliva production
Increase in percentage of body water
Decrease in kidney function
Decrease in kidney function
The Correct Answer is D
Choice A rationale
A decrease in systolic blood pressure is not a physiological change that increases the risk of dehydration in older adults.
Choice B rationale
An increase in saliva production does not occur with aging and does not increase the risk of dehydration.
Choice C rationale
An increase in the percentage of body water does not occur with aging. In fact, total body water decreases with age, which can contribute to an increased risk of dehydration.
Choice D rationale
A decrease in kidney function is a common physiological change that occurs with aging. This can lead to a decreased ability to concentrate urine and conserve water, increasing the risk of dehydration.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Pushing the syringe plunger to empty the formula faster is not recommended. This can lead to complications such as aspiration, diarrhea, or abdominal cramping. The formula should be allowed to flow slowly by gravity.
Choice B rationale
Holding the syringe high enough for the formula to empty gradually by gravity is the correct method for intermittent feeding. This allows for a slow, controlled flow of the formula, which can help prevent complications.
Choice C rationale
Positioning the patient in a supine position during feeding is not recommended. The patient should be in an upright position, at least 30 degrees, to reduce the risk of aspiration.
Choice D rationale
Flushing the tubing before feeding only is not correct. The tubing should be flushed before and after feedings to maintain patency and prevent clogging.
Correct Answer is ["B"]
Explanation
Choice A rationale
A bicarbonate level of 60 mosm/kg is not a manifestation of dehydration. In fact, dehydration can lead to metabolic acidosis, which would result in a decreased bicarbonate level.
Choice B rationale
A urine specific gravity of 1.035 is a manifestation of dehydration. The kidneys concentrate the urine in an attempt to conserve water, leading to an increased specific gravity.
Choice C rationale
A blood sodium level of 50 meq/L is not a manifestation of dehydration. Dehydration can lead to hypernatremia, or an increased sodium level, due to the loss of water.
Choice D rationale
A blood creatinine level of 0.6 mg/dL is not a manifestation of dehydration. Dehydration can lead to an increase in creatinine levels due to decreased renal perfusion.
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