Choice A rationale

Respiratory alkalosis is typically associated with hyperventilation, which can occur in conditions such as anxiety, fever, or certain lung diseases. However, it is less likely in a patient who is nauseous and vomiting.

Choice B rationale

Metabolic alkalosis is a condition that can occur due to the loss of acid from the body, which can happen when a patient is vomiting. When a person vomits, they lose stomach acid (hydrochloric acid), and this can disrupt the acid-base balance in the body, leading to metabolic alkalosis.

Choice C rationale

Metabolic acidosis is typically associated with conditions that cause the accumulation of acid in the body or the loss of bicarbonate, such as kidney disease, lactic acidosis, or certain poisonings. It is less likely in a patient who is nauseous and vomiting.

Choice D rationale

Respiratory acidosis is typically associated with conditions that cause an inability to remove enough carbon dioxide from the body, such as chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) or airway obstruction. It is less likely in a patient who is nauseous and vomiting.

Choice A rationale

Aspiration is not a common complication of TPN. TPN is administered intravenously, bypassing the gastrointestinal tract, which reduces the risk of aspiration. Choice B rationale

Polyuria, or excessive urination, is not typically a direct complication of TPN. However, the fluid balance of patients on TPN should be monitored, as both overhydration and dehydration can lead to urinary changes.

Choice C rationale

Stomatitis, or inflammation of the mouth and lips, is not a common complication of TPN. Since TPN bypasses the gastrointestinal tract, it does not typically cause oral complications.

Choice D rationale

Abdominal distention can occur as a complication of TPN. This is because TPN can cause an imbalance in the gut flora, leading to gas production and bloating. Additionally, if a patient on TPN has an underlying condition that affects gut motility, they may experience abdominal distention.