A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a patient who has a urinary tract infection (UTI). Which of the following findings should the nurse recognize as a risk factor?
Diabetes mellitus
Anemia
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD)
Osteoporosis
The Correct Answer is A
Choice A rationale
Diabetes mellitus is a risk factor for urinary tract infections (UTIs). High blood sugar levels can impair the immune system, making it harder for the body to fight off infections. Additionally, diabetes can cause nerve damage that affects the bladder’s ability to empty completely, allowing bacteria to grow.
Choice B rationale
Anemia itself is not a direct risk factor for UTIs. Anemia is a condition characterized by a lack of healthy red blood cells or hemoglobin, which does not contribute to the development of UTIs.
Choice C rationale
Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD) primarily affects the lungs and does not increase the risk of UTIs. COPD can make it harder to breathe, but it does not have a direct impact on the urinary system.
Choice D rationale
Osteoporosis is a condition that weakens bones, making them fragile and more likely to break. It does not increase the risk of UTIs. Osteoporosis and UTIs are not directly related as they affect different systems within the body.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While a nasogastric tube can be used to determine the pH of gastric secretions, this is not typically the primary reason for its use in the treatment of pyloric obstruction.
Choice B rationale
While nasogastric tubes can be used to supply nutrients via tube feedings, this is not typically the primary reason for its use in the treatment of pyloric obstruction. In the case of pyloric obstruction, the focus is usually on relieving the obstruction rather than on feeding.
Choice C rationale
While nasogastric tubes can be used to administer medications, this is not typically the primary reason for its use in the treatment of pyloric obstruction.
Choice D rationale
The primary reason for the use of a nasogastric tube in the treatment of pyloric obstruction is to decompress the stomach. Pyloric obstruction can cause a buildup of gastric contents above the level of the obstruction, leading to symptoms such as nausea and vomiting. A nasogastric tube can be used to remove these contents and relieve symptoms.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Laying down 30 minutes after eating can actually worsen GERD symptoms. This is because the position can make it easier for stomach acid to back up into the esophagus.
Choice B rationale
Practicing good oral hygiene is important for everyone, but it doesn’t directly prevent GERD. However, it can help prevent complications of GERD such as tooth decay caused by stomach acid.
Choice C rationale
While moderate alcohol consumption may reduce stress, it can actually worsen GERD. Alcohol can relax the lower esophageal sphincter, allowing stomach acid to reflux into the esophagus. It can also increase stomach acid production.
Choice D rationale
Citrus foods are generally not recommended for people with GERD. They are acidic and can trigger GERD symptoms. Instead, non-citrus fruits like bananas, apples, and pears are better choices.
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