A nurse is caring for four hospitalized patients.
Which of the following patients should the nurse identify as being at risk for fluid volume deficit?
The patient who has left-sided heart failure and has a brain natriuretic peptide (BNP) level of 600 pg/mL.
The patient who has been NPO since midnight for endoscopy.
The patient who has gastroenteritis and is febrile.
The patient who has end-stage renal failure and is scheduled for dialysis today.
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale
While heart failure can lead to fluid volume imbalances, a BNP level of 600 pg/mL alone does not indicate a risk for fluid volume deficit.
Choice B rationale
Being NPO since midnight for an endoscopy could potentially lead to fluid volume deficit, but it’s not the most likely choice. Typically, patients are adequately hydrated before and after the procedure.
Choice C rationale
A patient with gastroenteritis and a fever is at high risk for fluid volume deficit. Gastroenteritis can cause significant fluid loss through vomiting and diarrhea, and fever increases insensible water loss.
Choice D rationale
While patients with end-stage renal failure can have fluid volume imbalances, they are more likely to experience fluid volume excess, especially if they are due for dialysis.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
While performing self-examinations for breast cancer can help in early detection of the disease, it does not provide information about a person’s genetic risk for developing breast cancer.
Choice B rationale
Having a suspicious mammogram could indicate the presence of breast cancer or other abnormalities, but it does not provide information about a person’s genetic risk for developing the disease.
Choice C rationale
Being aware of one’s BRCA (breast cancer gene) status is directly related to understanding their genetic risk for breast cancer. Mutations in the BRCA1 and BRCA2 genes significantly increase the risk of developing breast cancer.
Choice D rationale
Noticing dimpling during a breast self-exam could be a sign of breast cancer, but it does not provide information about a person’s genetic risk for developing the disease.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Auscultation of a bruit over the pedal pulse is not a typical symptom of DVT. A bruit is a sound heard over an artery due to turbulent blood flow. While it may indicate vascular disease, it is not a symptom of DVT121314.
Choice B rationale
Groin tenderness can be a symptom of DVT. DVT often causes pain or tenderness in the affected area, which can include the groin.
Choice C rationale
Pallor in the affected extremity is not a typical symptom of DVT. DVT can cause swelling and warmth in the affected area, but it does not typically cause pallor.
Choice D rationale
Cramping pain in one foot is not a typical symptom of DVT. DVT often causes pain or swelling in the affected leg, but the pain is not typically limited to the foot.
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