A nurse is reviewing the medical record of a client to identify risk factors for colorectal cancer. The nurse should identify which of the following findings as increasing the client's risk?
History of Crohn's disease
Diet high in fiber
Age 46 years
BMI of 24
The Correct Answer is A
A history of inflammatory bowel disease, such as Crohn's disease or ulcerative colitis, is a risk factor for colorectal cancer . These conditions cause chronic inflammation and damage to the cells lining the colon and rectum, which may increase the likelihood of DNA mutations and cancer development. A diet high in fiber may help lower the risk of colorectal cancer by promoting regular bowel movements and reducing exposure to toxins. Age 46 years is not a significant risk factor, as most cases of colorectal cancer occur in people older than 50. BMI of 24 is within the normal range and does not indicate obesity, which is another risk factor for colorectal cancer.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A low potassium level (hypokalemia) can increase the risk for digoxin toxicity because it enhances the binding of digoxin to cardiac cells and increases its effects on cardiac contractility and electrical conduction. The nurse should monitor the client's potassium level and administer potassium supplements as prescribed if needed. The other electrolytes are not directly related to digoxin toxicity.
Correct Answer is B
Explanation
A 2-g sodium diet means limiting sodium intake to no more than 2000 mg per day. Sodium is found in salt and many processed foods, such as canned vegetables, soups, sauces, and baked goods. Sodium can cause fluid retention and worsen heart failure symptoms, such as shortness of breath, swelling, and fatigue. Therefore, the client should avoid adding salt or salt substitutes (such as baking soda) to their foods and choose fresh or frozen vegetables over canned ones. Lemon juice is a low-sodium alternative that can add flavor to foods without increasing sodium intake.
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