A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of four clients. Which of the following values indicates to the nurse that a client has iron-deficiency anemia?

A client whose hematocrit is 42%.

A client whose RBC count is 5.2 million/mm3.

A client whose ferritin level is 8 ng/mL.

A client whose hemoglobin is 15 g/dL.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale:
A client whose hematocrit is 42% (Choice A) falls within the normal range for hematocrit values, which is typically around 37-52% for adult women and 40-54% for adult men. While low hematocrit values can indicate anemia, a value of 42% is not indicative of iron-deficiency anemia on its own.
Choice B rationale:
A client whose RBC count is 5.2 million/mm3 (Choice B) is within the normal range for red blood cell counts, which is roughly 4.5-5.5 million/mm3 for adult women and 4.5-6.1 million/mm3 for adult men. Although low RBC counts can be associated with anemia, the value provided is not suggestive of iron-deficiency anemia without further context.
Choice C rationale:
A client whose ferritin level is 8 ng/mL (Choice C) is the correct choice. Ferritin is a protein that stores iron, and low levels of ferritin are a strong indicator of iron-deficiency anemia. Ferritin levels less than 12 ng/mL are often considered indicative of depleted iron stores.
Choice D rationale:
A client whose hemoglobin is 15 g/dL (Choice D) falls within the normal range for hemoglobin values, which is typically around 12-15.5 g/dL for adult women and 13.5-17.5 g/dL for adult men. While low hemoglobin can suggest anemia, a value of 15 g/dL is not indicative of iron-deficiency anemia on its own.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

The correct answer is Choice B: Eggs.

Choice B rationale: Most influenza vaccines are manufactured using egg-based technology and contain trace amounts of egg proteins, such as ovalbumin. Individuals with egg allergies may potentially experience allergic reactions to these proteins. While current guidelines recommend that individuals with egg allergies can still receive the inactivated influenza vaccine under the supervision of a healthcare provider, it is crucial to screen for egg allergies to ensure appropriate precautions are taken during vaccine administration.

Choice A rationale: Although shellfish allergies can cause severe reactions in some individuals, they are not specifically associated with the production or components of the inactivated influenza vaccine. Therefore, inquiring about shellfish allergies would not directly help determine the risk of an adverse reaction to the influenza vaccine.

Choice C rationale: Citrus fruit allergies are not directly related to the components or production methods of the inactivated influenza vaccine. While it is essential to be aware of a patient's allergy history, asking about citrus fruit allergies would not be the most relevant question in this context.

Choice D rationale: Gelatin allergies may be relevant in the administration of certain vaccines, as some contain gelatin as a stabilizer. However, the primary allergenic component of concern in the inactivated influenza vaccine is egg protein, not gelatin. Therefore, asking about gelatin allergies would not be the priority when assessing potential allergic reactions to the influenza vaccine.

A. HbA1c 5%. B. LDL 64 mg/dL. C. Total cholesterol 173 mg/dL. D. Fasting glucose 140 mg/dL.

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale:

An HbA1c level of 5% is within the target range for good diabetes control. HbA1c represents the average blood glucose level over the past two to three months, and an HbA1c of 5% indicates well-managed blood glucose levels.

Choice B rationale:

An LDL level of 64 mg/dL is within the recommended range for individuals at risk for heart disease. Lower LDL levels are associated with reduced risk, but 64 mg/dL is not a concerning value and is not typically associated with an increased risk of coronary heart disease.

Choice C rationale:

A total cholesterol level of 173 mg/dL is within the desirable range for adults. While it's important to consider both LDL and HDL cholesterol levels, the total cholesterol value alone is not sufficient to indicate a significant risk of coronary heart disease.

Choice D rationale:

A fasting glucose level of 140 mg/dL indicates hyperglycemia (elevated blood glucose) and is a significant risk factor for coronary heart disease. Hyperglycemia is associated with increased oxidative stress, inflammation, and vascular damage, all of which contribute to the development of cardiovascular complications in individuals with diabetes. It's crucial to manage blood glucose levels to reduce the risk of heart disease and other diabetes-related complications.

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory values of four clients. Which of the following values indicates to the nurse that a client has iron-deficiency anemia?

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