A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who has a history of atherosclerosis and notes elevated cholesterol levels. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the nurse should plan follow-up teaching on a low-cholesterol diet?

"I cook my food with canola oil."

"I eat two eggs for breakfast each morning

"I flavor my meat with lemon juice."

"I take an omega-3 supplement daily."

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A.   Canola oil is a healthier option compared to oils high in saturated fats, such as butter or lard. It does not significantly contribute to dietary cholesterol intake. Therefore, this statement does not indicate a need for follow-up teaching on a low-cholesterol diet.
B.   Eggs are high in dietary cholesterol, and consuming two eggs daily can significantly increase cholesterol intake. For someone with elevated cholesterol levels or a history of atherosclerosis, this dietary habit may contribute to further elevation of cholesterol levels and potentially worsen cardiovascular health. Hence, this statement indicates the need for follow-up teaching on reducing dietary cholesterol intake.
C.   Lemon juice is a low-calorie and low-cholesterol flavoring option. It does not significantly impact cholesterol intake. Therefore, this statement does not indicate a need for follow-up teaching on a low- cholesterol diet.
D.   Omega-3 fatty acids are beneficial for heart health and do not contribute to dietary cholesterol intake. In fact, they may help reduce triglyceride levels and inflammation. Therefore, this statement does not indicate a need for follow-up teaching on a low-cholesterol diet.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Serum sodium levels are typically assessed to evaluate electrolyte balance and hydration status. While important for overall health assessment, it is not specifically related to monitoring the effects of warfarin therapy.
B. This could be ordered for various reasons such as assessing lung status or identifying any abnormalities in the chest. It is not directly related to monitoring warfarin therapy.
C. BUN levels are measured to assess kidney function and hydration status. While important for overall health assessment, it is not specifically related to monitoring the effects of warfarin therapy.
D. The INR is a standardized measurement of the blood's ability to clot. Warfarin works by inhibiting vitamin K-dependent clotting factors, thereby prolonging the time it takes for blood to clot. The INR is used to monitor and adjust warfarin dosage to maintain therapeutic anticoagulation levels, especially in patients with conditions like atrial fibrillation who are at risk of blood clots.

A. pH 7.45 B. HCO3- 30 mEq/L C. Potassium 3.3 mEq/L D. PaCO2 50 mm Hg

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. A pH of 7.45 indicates alkalosis, not acidosis. In respiratory acidosis, the pH would be lower than normal (below 7.35) due to the accumulation of carbon dioxide.
B. A bicarbonate (HCO3-) level of 30 mEq/L is within the normal range (typically 22-26 mEq/L). Bicarbonate levels may be normal or slightly elevated in respiratory acidosis as a compensatory mechanism to buffer the excess acid.
C. Potassium levels can vary in respiratory acidosis but are not typically specified by a specific value. The level of potassium is more directly related to metabolic acid-base disturbances rather than respiratory acidosis.
D. An elevated PaCO2 level above 45 mm Hg indicates respiratory acidosis. In this scenario, a PaCO2 of 50 mm Hg suggests that the client is retaining carbon dioxide, leading to an acidotic state (lower pH).

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A nurse is reviewing the laboratory results for a client who has a history of atherosclerosis and notes elevated cholesterol levels. Which of the following statements by the client indicates the nurse should plan follow-up teaching on a low-cholesterol diet?

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is D

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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