A nurse is caring for a 78-year-old client who was recently admitted from the emergency room and is reporting weakness.

Exhibits

Select words from the choices below to fill in each blank in the following sentence.

The nurse has reviewed the client's medical record.

The client is at risk for developing metabolic acidosis hypernatremia
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and
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Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is {"dropdown-group-1":"A","dropdown-group-2":"E"}

Correct choices are; Metabolic acidosis:

This can occur due to the client's diarrhea, leading to loss of bicarbonate (HCO3-) through the gastrointestinal tract. The ABG results show a pH slightly below normal (7.33) and a decreased bicarbonate level (19 mEq/L), indicative of metabolic acidosis.

Hypernatremia:

The client's sodium level is elevated at 149 mEq/L (normal range is 136-145 mEq/L). This indicates hypernatremia, which could be due to dehydration from diarrhea and possibly inadequate fluid intake.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic medication commonly used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus. It can cause a rare but serious side effect called lactic acidosis, especially in situations where there is impaired kidney function or when the drug interacts with contrast dye used in procedures like cardiac catheterization.
B. Carvedilol is a beta-blocker used to manage hypertension and heart failure. It does not have a significant interaction with contrast dye that would increase the risk of AKI.
C. Atorvastatin is a statin medication used to lower cholesterol levels. It does not interact with contrast dye in a way that increases the risk of AKI.
D. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator used to relieve angina symptoms. It does not interact with contrast dye in a way that increases the risk of AKI.

A. "It measures deficiencies in clotting factors." B. "If my levels are too low, I am at an increased risk for bleeding." C. "I will need to skip breakfast until after the test is complete." D. "This test will help my provider adjust my warfarin dosages."

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. It is particularly sensitive to deficiencies in clotting factors, but it does not measure the deficiencies themselves
B. The activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT) test measures the effectiveness of the intrinsic and common pathways of the coagulation cascade.
C. There is no need to skip breakfast or alter diet for an aPTT test. It is not affected by food intake or fasting status.

D. While aPTT is used to monitor heparin therapy, it is not typically used to monitor warfarin (a vitamin K antagonist) therapy. Warfarin therapy is usually monitored using the prothrombin time (PT) and international normalized ratio (INR) tests.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is collecting a medication history from a client who is scheduled to have a cardiac catheterization. Which of the following medications taken by the client interacts with contrast material and places the client at risk for acute kidney injury?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A nurse is teaching a client scheduled for an activated partial thromboplastin time (aPTT). Which of the following statements by the client indicates an understanding of the teaching?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is caring for a client who has the following arterial blood gas results: HCO3 18 mEq, PaCO2 28 mm Hg and pH 7.30. The nurse recognizes the client is experiencing which of the following acid base imbalances?

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A nurse is planning care for a client who is 4 hr postoperative. Which of the following actions should the nurse include in the plan of care? (Select all that apply.)

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A nurse is preparing a client for a hip arthroplasty. For which of the following reasons should the nurse assess the client's vital signs?

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