A nurse is reviewing the diagnostic test results of an older adult female client who is preoperative for a knee arthroplasty. The nurse should notify the surgeon of which of the following results?

Hematocrit 40%

Creatinine 0.9 mg/dL

WBC count 20,000/mm3

Potassium 3.8 mEq/L

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

A.   A hematocrit of 40% is within the normal range for females, which is typically around 37-47%. This result is not concerning and does not typically require immediate notification to the surgeon.
B.   A creatinine level of 0.9 mg/dL is within the normal range for adults (normal range varies slightly among laboratories but is generally around 0.5-1.1 mg/dL). This result indicates normal kidney function and does not require immediate notification.
C.   A white blood cell (WBC) count of 20,000/mm3 is elevated above the normal range, which is typically between 4,500-11,000/mm3. An elevated WBC count could indicate infection or inflammation. Given the client is preoperative, an elevated WBC count may suggest an underlying infection that needs to be addressed before proceeding with surgery. The nurse should notify the surgeon promptly so appropriate evaluation and management can be initiated.
D.   A potassium level of 3.8 mEq/L is within the normal range (normal range is generally 3.5-5.0 mEq/L). This result is not concerning and does not require immediate notification to the surgeon.

Nursing Test Bank

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Furosemide can increase serum uric acid levels, leading to hyperuricemia. This occurs due to the drug's effects on renal excretion of uric acid. Hyperuricemia can predispose the client to gouty arthritis or kidney stones.
B. Furosemide typically leads to sodium loss (natriuresis) rather than hypernatremia. It is a loop diuretic that inhibits sodium and chloride reabsorption in the ascending loop of Henle in the kidneys, promoting diuresis and reducing fluid overload.
C. Furosemide-induced diuresis can cause loss of chloride ions along with sodium, potentially leading to hypochloremia rather than hyperchloremia. Hyperchloremia is less common unless there are other contributing factors such as concurrent administration of saline solutions or underlying conditions.
D. Furosemide does not typically cause hypercalcemia. In fact, it can lead to mild hypocalcemia due to increased urinary calcium excretion. Loop diuretics like furosemide impair calcium reabsorption in the kidneys, which can lead to calcium wasting.

A. Metformin B. Carvedilol C. Atorvastatin D. Nitroglycerin

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Metformin is an oral antidiabetic medication commonly used to manage type 2 diabetes mellitus. It can cause a rare but serious side effect called lactic acidosis, especially in situations where there is impaired kidney function or when the drug interacts with contrast dye used in procedures like cardiac catheterization.
B. Carvedilol is a beta-blocker used to manage hypertension and heart failure. It does not have a significant interaction with contrast dye that would increase the risk of AKI.
C. Atorvastatin is a statin medication used to lower cholesterol levels. It does not interact with contrast dye in a way that increases the risk of AKI.
D. Nitroglycerin is a vasodilator used to relieve angina symptoms. It does not interact with contrast dye in a way that increases the risk of AKI.

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A nurse is reviewing the diagnostic test results of an older adult female client who is preoperative for a knee arthroplasty. The nurse should notify the surgeon of which of the following results?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is caring for a client who has heart failure and is receiving IV furosemide. The nurse should monitor the client for which of the following electrolyte imbalances?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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