A nurse is reviewing the laboratory report of an 8-year-old child who has nephrotic syndrome. Which of the following laboratory results should the nurse report to the provider?
Sodium 140 mEq/L
Platelet count 350,000/mm3
Protein 2 g/dL
Cholesterol 170 mg/dL
The Correct Answer is C
Choice A rationale:
The sodium level of 140 mEq/L is within the normal range for children, which is 135 to 145 mEq/L. Sodium levels may be low in nephrotic syndrome due to fluid retention and dilutional hyponatremia, but this is not the case for this child.
Choice B rationale:
The platelet count of 350,000/mm3 is within the normal range for children, which is 150,000 to 450,000/mm3. Platelet levels may be elevated in nephrotic syndrome due to increased production by the bone marrow in response to inflammation and infection, but this is not the case for this child.
Choice C rationale:
The nurse should report the protein level of 2 g/dL to the provider, as this is abnormally low and indicates severe proteinuria. Proteinuria is a hallmark of nephrotic syndrome, as the glomeruli become damaged and allow protein to leak into the urine. Normal protein levels for children are 6 to 8 g/dL. Low protein levels can lead to edema, hypoalbuminemia, and hyperlipidemia.
Choice D rationale:
The cholesterol level of 170 mg/dL is within the normal range for children, which is less than 200 mg/dL. Cholesterol levels may be high in nephrotic syndrome due to increased synthesis by the liver as a compensatory mechanism for low protein levels, but this is not the case for this child.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale:
Clients with obsessive-compulsive disorder (OCD) often benefit from maintaining control over their daily activities and schedules. Allowing the client autonomy in scheduling activities can help them manage their symptoms while feeling in control.
Choice B rationale:
Antipsychotic medications are not the first-line treatment for OCD, and their use would depend on the presence of other coexisting conditions.
Choice C rationale:
Providing ample time for rituals may inadvertently reinforce the compulsive behaviors associated with OCD. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) with exposure and response prevention is the recommended treatment for OCD.
Choice D rationale:
Implosion therapy, also known as flooding, exposes the client to anxiety-provoking stimuli in a controlled and safe environment. However, it is not typically the first-line treatment for OCD and requires careful implementation under the guidance of a mental health professional.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A: Expecting heavier menstrual bleeding while using the patch is not a typical instruction given to clients. The patch may actually result in lighter, more regular bleeding.
B: The patch should not be placed on the upper thigh. According to the guidelines, the patch should be applied to clean, dry skin on the belly, buttocks, or back, and can also be placed on the outer part of the upper arm.
C: Applying the first patch within 24 hours of starting the menstrual cycle is correct. This ensures that the patch begins to work in sync with the client's natural cycle, providing immediate contraceptive protection.
D: A new patch should not be applied at the same time each day. Instead, it should be changed once a week on the same day, known as the "patch change day" to maintain consistent contraceptive coverage.
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