A nurse is reviewing the history of a client who is pregnant. Which of the following clinical data indicates the client is at risk for preterm delivery?

The correct answer is choice A. Single palmar creases.

Choice A rationale: Single palmar creases (also known as simian creases) can be associated with certain genetic conditions, such as Down syndrome. The presence of this finding in a newborn should prompt further investigation and reporting to the healthcare provider for additional assessment and possible genetic testing.

Choice B rationale: Rust-stained urine in a newborn is typically caused by uric acid crystals, which are common and not considered abnormal during the first few days of life. This condition usually resolves without intervention, and it does not require reporting to the provider unless it persists or is accompanied by other symptoms.

Choice C rationale: Transient circumoral cyanosis is a common finding in newborns, especially when crying or feeding. It usually resolves on its own and is not considered an alarming sign unless it persists or is associated with central cyanosis or other signs of respiratory distress.

Choice D rationale: Subconjunctival hemorrhage is a common finding in newborns, usually resulting from the pressure changes during delivery. It typically resolves on its own within a few weeks and does not require reporting to the provider unless there are signs of other underlying conditions.

Choice A rationale:
Evaluating urinary output is important postoperatively, but it does not address the immediate concern of vaginal bleeding.
Choice B rationale:
Replacing the surgical dressing is necessary if it’s saturated, but it does not address the immediate concern of vaginal bleeding.
Choice C rationale:
Applying an ice pack to the incision site can help reduce swelling and pain, but it does not address the immediate concern of vaginal bleeding.
Choice D rationale:
Administering a 500 mL lactated Ringer’s IV bolus can help increase uterine contractility and decrease bleeding. This is the most appropriate action for the nurse to take in this situation.