A nurse is reviewing the EKG strip of a client who has End Stage Renal Disease (ESRD) and has missed hemodialysis. Which of the following abnormalities on the client's EKG should the nurse interpret as a sign of hyperkalemia?
Prolonged P-R interval
Peaked T waves
Elevated ST segment
Inverted P wave
The Correct Answer is B
A. Prolonged P-R interval: A prolonged P-R interval may indicate an atrioventricular (AV) block or conduction delay, but it is not specifically associated with hyperkalemia.
B. Peaked T waves: Peaked T waves are a classic EKG finding in hyperkalemia. Hyperkalemia can affect cardiac repolarization, leading to tall, peaked T waves on the EKG.
C. Elevated ST segment: An elevated ST segment may indicate myocardial injury or ischemia but is not typically associated with hyperkalemia.
D. Inverted P wave: An inverted P wave may indicate atrial enlargement or conduction abnormalities but is not specifically associated with hyperkalemia.
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Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Docusate Sodium (Colace) is a stool softener and is not contraindicated in chronic renal disease.
B. Acetaminophen (Tylenol) is generally safe for use in chronic renal disease, but dosing adjustments may be necessary based on renal function.
C. Meperidine (Demerol) is contraindicated in clients with chronic renal disease because its metabolites can accumulate in renal impairment, leading to neurotoxicity and seizures. It is often replaced with alternative opioid analgesics like morphine or fentanyl in these patients.
D. Atorvastatin (Lipitor) is a statin medication used to lower cholesterol levels and is generally safe in chronic renal disease, although dosing adjustments may be needed depending on the severity of renal impairment.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Constipation: Constipation is not a common adverse effect of Atenolol, which is a beta- blocker.
B. Cough: Cough is more commonly associated with ACE inhibitors rather than beta-blockers like Atenolol.
C. Tremor: Tremor is not typically an adverse effect of Atenolol; beta-blockers can actually be used to treat essential tremors.
D. Bradycardia: Atenolol, as a beta-blocker, can slow the heart rate, leading to bradycardia, which is a well-documented adverse effect.
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