A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) results for a patient diagnosed with progressive Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Which ABG results should the nurse expect for a patient with progressive COPD?

pH 7.55, PaCO2 30 mm Hg, PaO2 80 mm Hg, HCO3 24 mEq/L

pH 7.40, PaCO2 40 mm Hg, PaO2 94 mm Hg, HCO3 22 mEq/L

pH 7.30, PaCO2 60 mm Hg, PaO2 70 mm Hg, HCO3 30 mEq/L

pH 7.38, PaCO2 45 mm Hg, PaO2 88 mm Hg, HCO3 26 mEq/L .

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is C

Choice A rationale
A pH of 7.55, PaCO2 of 30 mm Hg, PaO2 of 80 mm Hg, and HCO3 of 24 mEq/L would indicate respiratory alkalosis, which is not typically associated with progressive COPD67.
Choice B rationale
A pH of 7.40, PaCO2 of 40 mm Hg, PaO2 of 94 mm Hg, and HCO3 of 22 mEq/L represent normal ABG values.
Choice C rationale
A pH of 7.30, PaCO2 of 60 mm Hg, PaO2 of 70 mm Hg, and HCO3 of 30 mEq/L are indicative of respiratory acidosis with metabolic compensation, which is commonly seen in patients with progressive COPD67.
Choice D rationale
A pH of 7.38, PaCO2 of 45 mm Hg, PaO2 of 88 mm Hg, and HCO3 of 26 mEq/L would indicate a slight respiratory acidosis, which is not typically associated with progressive COPD67.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

Choice A rationale
Taking breaks outside in fresh air can help to clear the lungs of inhaled toxins to some extent. However, this measure alone is not sufficient to prevent inhalation exposure of job-related substances.
Choice B rationale
Consistently wearing a disposable paper mask can provide some protection against inhalable toxins. However, such masks may not be effective against all types of toxins and may not provide complete protection.
Choice C rationale
Keeping a fan blowing in the environment can help to disperse toxic substances and prevent them from becoming stagnant in the air. However, this measure alone may not be sufficient to prevent inhalation exposure, and in some cases, it could even spread the toxins more widely.
Choice D rationale
Wearing designated protective attire and devices when working with a toxic substance is the most effective measure to prevent inhalation exposure. This can include items such as respirators, which are designed to filter out specific toxins and protect the respiratory system.

A. Medication errors are adverse events. B. Errors of execution are usually intentional and occur because of time or resource constraints. C. As many as 90% of medication errors are preventable. D. Poorly coordinated care and nosocomial infections are examples of errors.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While medication errors are indeed considered adverse events, this statement does not fully capture the scope of patient safety and prevention of harm.
Choice B rationale
Errors of execution are usually unintentional, not intentional. They often occur due to system failures rather than time or resource constraints.
Choice C rationale
It is estimated that as many as 90% of medication errors are preventable. This highlights the importance of safety measures and protocols in healthcare settings to prevent harm to patients.
Choice D rationale
Poorly coordinated care and nosocomial infections are examples of errors, but they represent only a fraction of the potential safety issues in healthcare.

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A nurse is reviewing the arterial blood gas (ABG) results for a patient diagnosed with progressive Chronic Obstructive Pulmonary Disease (COPD). Which ABG results should the nurse expect for a patient with progressive COPD?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

An employee asks the occupational health nurse about measures to prevent inhalation exposure of job-related substances. Which of the following explanations should the nurse include?

Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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