A nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Which of the following signs and symptoms of OSA should the nurse include in the education? Select all that apply.

Choice A rationale
Thinking critically is a fundamental skill in nursing. It involves the ability to question, analyze, and evaluate care processes and outcomes. Critical thinking allows nurses to make informed decisions, prioritize tasks, and solve problems efficiently and effectively, which ultimately leads to safe, quality, patient-centered care.
Choice B rationale
Evaluating outcomes at the start of the shift is not typically recommended. Instead, continuous evaluation throughout the shift is more beneficial. This allows for timely interventions and adjustments to the care plan as needed.
Choice C rationale
Communication is a vital aspect of patient-centered care. Effective communication ensures that all members of the healthcare team, including the patient, are informed about the patient’s care plan. This promotes collaboration, improves patient outcomes, and enhances patient satisfaction.
Choice D rationale
Planning and reporting outcomes are crucial components of the nursing process. They enable the tracking of progress, facilitate communication among healthcare providers, and ensure that care is aligned with the patient’s goals.
Choice E rationale
Evaluating outcomes at the end of the shift is important as it provides an opportunity to assess the effectiveness of interventions, make necessary adjustments to the care plan, and ensure continuity of care.

Choice A rationale
Collective bargaining activity at a nearby hospital may be of interest, but it is not directly related to the quality improvement of the unit.
Choice B rationale
Systems that make it difficult for the nurses to do their job directly impact the quality of care provided in the unit. Addressing these issues can lead to improvements in workflow, patient care, and nurse satisfaction.
Choice C rationale
While nurse pay is an important issue, it is typically addressed through human resources or union negotiations, not a unit-based quality improvement project.
Choice D rationale
The number of medication errors committed by another nurse is a serious concern, but it is a specific personnel issue. It should be addressed, but it may not reflect the overall quality of the unit.