A nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Which of the following signs and symptoms of OSA should the nurse include in the education? Select all that apply.

Dyspnea.

Insomnia.

Snoring.

Daytime sleepiness.

Dyspnea on exertion.

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,C,D

Choice A rationale
Dyspnea, or difficulty breathing, is a common symptom of Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). This occurs due to the repeated episodes of upper airway obstruction and resultant intermittent hypoxia.
Choice B rationale
Insomnia is not a typical symptom of OSA. While individuals with OSA may experience disrupted sleep, it is usually characterized by excessive daytime sleepiness rather than an inability to sleep.
Choice C rationale
Snoring is a hallmark symptom of OSA. It occurs due to the partial obstruction of the upper airway, which causes vibration of the tissues and results in the sound of snoring.
Choice D rationale
Daytime sleepiness is a common symptom of OSA. This is due to the repeated awakenings throughout the night to resume breathing, which disrupts the sleep cycle and leads to excessive sleepiness during the day.
Choice E rationale
Dyspnea on exertion is not a typical symptom of OSA. While it can occur in severe cases, it is more commonly associated with conditions that affect the heart or lungs, such as heart failure or chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

Choice A rationale
In a client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an arterial blood gas (ABG) test would typically show an increased level of carbon dioxide (PaCO2)56. This is because COPD affects the ability of the lungs to expel carbon dioxide, leading to its buildup in the blood.
Choice B rationale
An increased pH is not typically seen in COPD. In fact, due to the increased carbon dioxide (which is acidic), the pH may be lower, indicating respiratory acidosis.
Choice C rationale
Decreased alveolar function is a characteristic of COPD, but it is not something that would be directly measured in an ABG test.
Choice D rationale
An increased arterial oxygen (PaO2) is not typically seen in COPD. In fact, due to the impaired gas exchange, PaO2 may be lower.

A. “Don’t be too hard on yourself. It’s uncertain if your smoking led to the cancer.”. B. “It’s normal to feel scared. What aspects of cancer frighten you the most?” C. “Do you feel guilty because you used to smoke?” D. “Fear is a normal reaction. We are here to support you through this.”. .

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While it’s important to reassure the patient, saying “It’s uncertain if your smoking led to the cancer” might be misleading. Smoking is a major risk factor for lung cancer, but it’s also true that not everyone who smokes gets lung cancer, and not everyone who gets lung cancer has smoked.
Choice B rationale
This response validates the patient’s feelings and opens up a dialogue about their specific fears. It allows the nurse to provide targeted education and reassurance.
Choice C rationale
Asking “Do you feel guilty because you used to smoke?” might make the patient feel more guilty or judged. It’s better to provide support and understanding.
Choice D rationale
While it’s true that fear is a normal reaction and that the healthcare team is there to support the patient, this response doesn’t address the patient’s specific concerns or feelings of guilt.

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A nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Which of the following signs and symptoms of OSA should the nurse include in the education? Select all that apply.

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is analyzing arterial blood gas results for a client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What abnormal finding should the nurse anticipate?

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A patient with lung cancer confides in the nurse, expressing fear about the disease and guilt for smoking in the past. Which response from the nurse would be most appropriate?

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A nurse is providing education to a client diagnosed with Obstructive Sleep Apnea (OSA). Which of the following signs and symptoms of OSA should the nurse include in the education? Select all that apply.

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