A nurse is analyzing arterial blood gas results for a client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What abnormal finding should the nurse anticipate?

Increased carbon dioxide.

Increased pH.

Decreased alveolar function.

Increased arterial oxygen.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

Choice A rationale
In a client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), an arterial blood gas (ABG) test would typically show an increased level of carbon dioxide (PaCO2)56. This is because COPD affects the ability of the lungs to expel carbon dioxide, leading to its buildup in the blood.
Choice B rationale
An increased pH is not typically seen in COPD. In fact, due to the increased carbon dioxide (which is acidic), the pH may be lower, indicating respiratory acidosis.
Choice C rationale
Decreased alveolar function is a characteristic of COPD, but it is not something that would be directly measured in an ABG test.
Choice D rationale
An increased arterial oxygen (PaO2) is not typically seen in COPD. In fact, due to the impaired gas exchange, PaO2 may be lower.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
While it’s important to reassure the patient, saying “It’s uncertain if your smoking led to the cancer” might be misleading. Smoking is a major risk factor for lung cancer, but it’s also true that not everyone who smokes gets lung cancer, and not everyone who gets lung cancer has smoked.
Choice B rationale
This response validates the patient’s feelings and opens up a dialogue about their specific fears. It allows the nurse to provide targeted education and reassurance.
Choice C rationale
Asking “Do you feel guilty because you used to smoke?” might make the patient feel more guilty or judged. It’s better to provide support and understanding.
Choice D rationale
While it’s true that fear is a normal reaction and that the healthcare team is there to support the patient, this response doesn’t address the patient’s specific concerns or feelings of guilt.

A. Chocolate milkshake. B. Chicken noodle soup. C. Vanilla ice cream. D. Fruit-flavored popsicles.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

Choice A rationale
A chocolate milkshake may be soothing, but it is not the best choice for a patient with bacterial pharyngitis due to its high sugar content, which can promote bacterial growth.
Choice B rationale
Chicken noodle soup is a good choice as it is soothing, easy to swallow, and provides necessary nutrients.
Choice C rationale
Vanilla ice cream, while soothing, is not the best choice due to its high sugar content.
Choice D rationale
Fruit-flavored popsicles, while soothing, are not the best choice due to their high sugar content.

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A nurse is analyzing arterial blood gas results for a client diagnosed with chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). What abnormal finding should the nurse anticipate?

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Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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