A nurse is reviewing the ABG values of a client who has chronic bronchitis and reports dyspnea with minimal exertion. Which of the following acid- base imbalances should the nurse suspect?
Metabolic acidosis
Respiratory alkalosis
Respiratory acidosis
Metabolic alkalosis
The Correct Answer is C
Answer: C. Respiratory acidosis
Rationale:
A) Metabolic acidosis: This occurs when there is an excess of acid in the body or a loss of bicarbonate, often due to conditions such as renal failure or severe diarrhea. In chronic bronchitis, the primary issue is related to respiratory function rather than metabolic disturbances.
B) Respiratory alkalosis: This condition results from hyperventilation, leading to excessive loss of carbon dioxide. It is unlikely in a client with chronic bronchitis, who typically experiences difficulty in exhaling fully rather than hyperventilating.
C) Respiratory acidosis: In chronic bronchitis, airflow obstruction and reduced gas exchange can lead to carbon dioxide retention, resulting in respiratory acidosis. Symptoms like dyspnea and increased work of breathing support this imbalance, as the body is unable to adequately expel carbon dioxide.
D) Metabolic alkalosis: This imbalance results from excessive bicarbonate or loss of hydrogen ions, often related to prolonged vomiting or diuretics. It is not characteristic of chronic bronchitis, where the primary concern is respiratory function rather than metabolic processes.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
(A) Glasgow coma scale result:
The Glasgow Coma Scale (GCS) result is important and would be included in the "Assessment" segment of SBAR, as it provides current data on the client's level of consciousness and neurological status.
(B) Intracranial pressure readings:
Intracranial pressure (ICP) readings are crucial for monitoring the client's condition but would be more appropriately included in the "Assessment" or "Background" segments, as they provide ongoing data relevant to the client's current health status and trends.
(C) Medication during the next shift:
Medication information, especially about what needs to be administered during the next shift, would fall under the "Recommendation" segment. This is where the outgoing nurse would specify what needs to be done next for the client's care.
(D) History of the injury:
The history of the injury is part of the "Situation" segment in SBAR reporting. This includes a brief description of why the client is being reported on, providing context for their current condition. For a client with a traumatic brain injury, this would involve a summary of how the injury occurred, which sets the stage for understanding the client's current status and care needs.
Correct Answer is ["2"]
Explanation
To find out how many aspirin tablets the nurse should administer, we can divide the prescribed dosage by the amount of aspirin per tablet:
Dosage m prescribed: 650 mg
Amount of aspirin per tablet: 325 mg/tablet
Number of tablets = Dosage prescribed / Amount of aspirin per tablet
Number of tablets = 650 mg / 325 mg/tablet = 2 (rounded to the nearest whole number)
Therefore, the nurse should administer 2 tablets.
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