A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for metoprolol. The nurse measures the client's vital signs and notes that the client's apical heart rate is 49/min. The nurse should prepare to administer which of the following medications?

Diltiazem

Atropine

Digoxin

Carvedilol

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Diltiazem: Diltiazem is a calcium channel blocker used to treat high blood pressure and heart rhythm disorders. However, it can further lower the heart rate, which is not desirable in this case as the client’s heart rate is already low.

B. Atropine: This is correct. Atropine is often used to treat bradycardia (low heart rate). It works by blocking the action of the vagus nerve on the heart, which increases the heart rate.

C. Digoxin: Digoxin is used to treat heart failure and atrial fibrillation1. However, one of its side effects is that it can lower the heart rate, so it would not be appropriate to give to a client who already has a low heart rate.

D. Carvedilol: Carvedilol is a beta-blocker used to treat high blood pressure and heart failure1. Like other beta-blockers, it can lower the heart rate, so it would not be appropriate to give to a client who already has a low heart rate.

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Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A) Justice:
The principle of justice refers to the fair and equitable distribution of resources and the fair treatment of individuals. While it is an important ethical principle in healthcare, it does not specifically address the concept of avoiding harm to the client.

B) Fidelity:
Fidelity, also known as loyalty or faithfulness, relates to the obligation of healthcare professionals to be faithful to the commitments and promises they make to their clients. While fidelity is important for building trust and maintaining professional relationships, it does not directly address the concept of avoiding harm.

C) Non-maleficence:
Non-maleficence is the ethical principle that refers to the duty to do no harm. It emphasizes the obligation to protect clients from harm by ensuring that no unnecessary or unjustified harm is inflicted. In the context of healthcare, non-maleficence guides healthcare professionals to prioritize the safety and well-being of their clients, avoiding actions or interventions that may cause harm. This is the correct choice.

D) Beneficence:
Beneficence is the ethical principle that emphasizes the duty to do good and promote the well-being of others. While it is related to the concept of providing positive benefits to clients, it does not specifically focus on the avoidance of harm.

A. Small for gestational age B. Cesarean birth C. Ventricular septal defect D. Maternal history of asthma

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Small for gestational age:

While being small for gestational age can contribute to respiratory difficulties in newborns, it is not directly associated with respiratory distress syndrome or respiratory acidosis. Other factors, such as prematurity or intrauterine growth restriction, may play a more significant role.

B. Cesarean birth:

Cesarean birth can predispose newborns to respiratory difficulties, including respiratory distress syndrome. During vaginal birth, the compression of the chest during passage through the birth canal helps expel lung fluid, whereas babies born via cesarean section may have more retained lung fluid, leading to respiratory distress.

C. Ventricular septal defect:

Ventricular septal defect is a congenital heart defect and is not directly associated with respiratory distress syndrome or respiratory acidosis. However, congenital heart defects can affect the cardiovascular system, leading to respiratory compromise in some cases.

D. Maternal history of asthma:

While maternal asthma can increase the risk of respiratory problems in newborns, it is not directly related to respiratory distress syndrome or respiratory acidosis. Maternal asthma may increase the likelihood of the newborn developing asthma or other respiratory conditions later in life.

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A nurse is caring for a client who has a prescription for metoprolol. The nurse measures the client's vital signs and notes that the client's apical heart rate is 49/min. The nurse should prepare to administer which of the following medications?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

A nurse is assisting with teaching a class on ethical principles. The nurse should include that protecting a client's safety by not causing harm refers to which of the following ethical principles?

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

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