A nurse is reviewing risk factors for a client who had a myocardial infarction. Which of the following should the nurse consider to be a nonmodifiable risk factor?

A. "I should expect my tears to turn a red color after using the eye drops.": Timolol does not cause red discoloration of tears. Redness of the eye may indicate irritation, allergy, or another adverse effect, so the client should report persistent redness rather than expect it as normal.

B. "I will put pressure on the corner of my eye after using the eye drops.": Applying gentle pressure to the nasolacrimal duct (inner corner of the eye) after instilling timolol reduces systemic absorption and potential systemic side effects, such as bradycardia or hypotension. This technique demonstrates proper administration and understanding of safety precautions.

C. "The drops should be placed in the center of my eye.": Eye drops should be instilled into the lower conjunctival sac, not directly onto the center of the cornea, to reduce irritation and maximize absorption. Placing drops on the cornea can cause discomfort and reduce effectiveness.

D. "These drops will improve my cloudy vision.": Timolol lowers intraocular pressure but does not restore vision or improve cloudiness caused by glaucoma. The goal of therapy is to prevent progression of vision loss, not to reverse existing damage.

A. Speech pathologist: Infants who undergo cheiloplasty (surgical repair of a cleft lip) may experience difficulties with feeding, swallowing, and later speech development. Collaboration with a speech pathologist ensures the infant receives guidance on feeding techniques and early intervention for speech and language development.

B. Facility chaplain: While a chaplain can provide emotional and spiritual support to the family, they are not directly involved in the infant’s functional outcomes related to cheiloplasty. Their role is supportive rather than interventional for feeding or speech development.

C. Physical therapist: Physical therapy is not typically indicated after cheiloplasty unless there are unrelated musculoskeletal concerns. It does not address the primary needs related to feeding or speech associated with cleft lip repair.

D. Orthopedic specialist: An orthopedic specialist manages musculoskeletal conditions and would not be involved in the care or rehabilitation of an infant following cleft lip repair unless there were unrelated orthopedic issues.