A nurse is caring for a client in the medical-surgical unit.
Which of the following actions should the nurse take to decrease the risks for urinary tract infection for this client? Select all that apply.
Encourage the client to drink 3000 mL of fluid daily.
Review the need for the indwelling urinary catheter daily.
Empty the drainage bag when it is half-full.
Use soap and water to provide perineal care.
Place the drainage bag on the bed when transporting the client.
Change the indwelling urinary catheter tubing every 3 days.
Correct Answer : B,C,D
Rationale:
A. Encourage the client to drink 3000 mL of fluid daily: This is contraindicated because the client has heart failure with signs of fluid volume excess (crackles and 3+ pitting edema). Increasing fluid intake could worsen fluid overload.
B. Review the need for the indwelling urinary catheter daily: Daily assessment of catheter necessity allows for timely removal when it is no longer needed, which significantly decreases the risk of catheter-associated urinary tract infections (CAUTIs).
C. Empty the drainage bag when it is half-full: Keeping the drainage bag from becoming overfilled prevents urine backflow into the bladder, which can introduce bacteria and increase infection risk. Regular emptying is a key preventive measure.
D. Use soap and water to provide perineal care: Proper perineal hygiene with mild soap and water helps remove bacteria and maintain skin integrity, reducing the risk of urinary tract infection, especially in incontinent clients.
E. Place the drainage bag on the bed when transporting the client: The drainage bag should always remain below the level of the bladder and off the bed to prevent backflow of urine, which can introduce bacteria and increase infection risk.
F. Change the indwelling urinary catheter tubing every 3 days: Routine scheduled tubing changes are not recommended, as unnecessary manipulation of the system can increase infection risk. Tubing should only be changed when clinically indicated (e.g., contamination, obstruction).
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
A. Abdomen: The abdomen is typically used for subcutaneous injections, such as insulin or heparin, due to its fatty tissue. It is not ideal for intradermal injections, which require a thin layer of skin to allow for proper absorption and observation of a wheal.
B. Deltoid: The deltoid muscle is commonly used for intramuscular injections, not intradermal ones. Using this site for intradermal injections could result in the medication being deposited too deeply, affecting absorption and test accuracy.
C. Back of the upper arm: The inner surface of the forearm or the back of the upper arm is the preferred site for intradermal injections, such as tuberculosis or allergy testing. This area has thin skin, minimal subcutaneous fat, and allows for easy visualization of the wheal and monitoring for reactions.
D. Upper back: While the upper back has subcutaneous tissue, it is not commonly used for intradermal injections because it is less accessible for observation and assessment of local reactions. Proper site selection is important for safety and effectiveness.
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Implement firm but flexible boundaries in their relationship: Establishing boundaries helps both the client and adult child adapt to new caregiving roles while maintaining mutual respect and autonomy. Flexibility allows for adjustments as the client’s needs change, reducing role strain and promoting a healthy family dynamic.
B. Encourage authoritative communication from the adult child: While clear communication is important, an authoritative style may be perceived as controlling and can create tension. Collaborative, respectful communication is more effective in supporting role adjustment and maintaining family harmony.
C. Decrease socialization with extended relatives until roles are identified: Limiting social interactions is unnecessary and may increase isolation or stress. Maintaining connections with extended family can provide emotional support and resources during the transition.
D. Minimize open discussion regarding the changes to avoid embarrassment: Avoiding discussion about changes can lead to misunderstandings, unmet needs, and emotional strain. Open, honest communication helps clarify expectations, reduce conflict, and facilitate adjustment to new roles.
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