A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client who has pericarditis. Which of the following blood test results should the nurse anticipate? (Select All that Apply.)

Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR)

Increased C-reactive protein (CRP)

Elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH)

Increased brain natriuretic peptide (BNP)

Increased troponin I

Answer and Explanation

Correct Answer : A,B,D,E

A. Elevated erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR): Elevated ESR is commonly seen in inflammatory conditions such as pericarditis. ESR measures the rate at which red blood cells settle in a tube of blood over a certain period, and elevated levels indicate inflammation or tissue damage.

B. Increased C-reactive protein (CRP): CRP is an acute-phase reactant produced by the liver in response to inflammation. Elevated CRP levels are indicative of inflammation, making it a useful marker in pericarditis.

C. Elevated thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH): Elevated TSH levels are not typically associated with pericarditis. TSH is a hormone produced by the pituitary gland that stimulates the thyroid gland to produce thyroid hormones. Elevated TSH levels are seen in conditions such as hypothyroidism.

D. Increased brain natriuretic peptide (BNP): BNP is a hormone produced by the heart in response to increased pressure and volume overload. Pericarditis can lead to increased pressure within the heart, resulting in elevated BNP levels. Therefore, increased BNP levels are anticipated in pericarditis.

E. Increased troponin I: Troponin I is a cardiac biomarker released into the bloodstream when there is damage to cardiac muscle cells. While pericarditis primarily involves inflammation of the pericardium (the sac surrounding the heart), severe cases can lead to myocardial involvement and subsequent release of troponin I. Therefore, increased troponin I levels may be observed in pericarditis, especially if there is myocardial involvement.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. "I should ask my son to drive me to the grocery store." This statement does not directly address the risk for sudden cardiac death associated with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. While it may be a valid safety precaution to have someone else drive, it does not specifically address the client's understanding of the condition and its implications for sudden cardiac death.

B. "I will probably become easily constipated." Constipation is not a typical manifestation or complication of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. This statement does not demonstrate an understanding of the condition and its associated risk of sudden cardiac death.

C. "I am aware that I may develop frequent hiccups." Frequent hiccups are not a characteristic symptom or complication of arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy. This statement does not indicate an understanding of the condition and its risk for sudden cardiac death.

D. "I will need to avoid strenuous activity to prevent my heart from stopping." This statement reflects an understanding of the condition and its associated risk of sudden cardiac death. Strenuous activity can exacerbate arrhythmias in individuals with arrhythmogenic cardiomyopathy, potentially leading to life-threatening arrhythmias such as ventricular fibrillation. Avoiding strenuous activity is a recommended precaution to reduce the risk of sudden cardiac death in individuals with this condition.

A. The client whose mother and uncle were diagnosed with this same condition. B. The client who is recovering from a recent illness that caused vomiting and diarrhea. C. The client who is out of work and has been experiencing increased stress. D. The client who uses oxygen at night to treat obstructive sleep apnea.

Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. The client whose mother and uncle were diagnosed with this same condition: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) often has a genetic component, with a familial predisposition observed in many cases. Individuals with a family history of HCM, especially in first-degree relatives such as parents or siblings, are at higher risk of developing the condition due to genetic factors.

B. The client who is recovering from a recent illness that caused vomiting and diarrhea: Acute illnesses such as vomiting and diarrhea can lead to dehydration, electrolyte imbalances, and transient changes in cardiac function. While dehydration and electrolyte imbalances may exacerbate symptoms in individuals with existing cardiac conditions, they are not primary risk factors for developing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

C. The client who is out of work and has been experiencing increased stress: Chronic stress and psychosocial factors may contribute to the progression of cardiovascular disease in general, but they are not specific risk factors for developing hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM).

D. The client who uses oxygen at night to treat obstructive sleep apnea: While obstructive sleep apnea is associated with cardiovascular complications, including hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM), the use of oxygen therapy at night to treat sleep apnea does not directly increase the risk of developing HCM. However, untreated obstructive sleep apnea may lead to chronic hypoxia and other cardiac issues over time.

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A nurse is reviewing laboratory results for a client who has pericarditis. Which of the following blood test results should the nurse anticipate? (Select All that Apply.)

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

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