A nurse is admitting a client to the hospital unit. Which one of the following elements of the client's history and physical assessment increases the risk for the development of delirium?

Female sex

History of drug and alcohol use

Lack of medical insurance

History of lymphoma

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is B

A. Female sex: While gender can influence the risk of certain health conditions, such as cardiovascular diseases, there isn't a direct correlation between being female and an increased risk of delirium. Both males and females can develop delirium under certain circumstances.

B. History of drug and alcohol use: A history of drug and alcohol use increases the risk for the development of delirium. Substance abuse, including alcohol, illicit drugs, and certain prescription medications, can disrupt neurotransmitter function and lead to alterations in mental status, including delirium. Additionally, withdrawal from alcohol or drugs can precipitate delirium in susceptible individuals.

C. Lack of medical insurance: While access to healthcare and socioeconomic factors can impact overall health outcomes, there isn't a direct association between lack of medical insurance and an increased risk of delirium. Delirium is more closely linked to medical conditions, substance use, and other physiological factors.

D. History of lymphoma: While certain medical conditions, such as infections, metabolic disturbances, and neurological disorders, can increase the risk of delirium, there isn't a direct correlation between a history of lymphoma and the development of delirium. Delirium is more commonly associated with acute illness, surgery, or medication use.

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Correct Answer is D

Explanation

A. Stress can contribute to the development of atrial flutter, but it is not the highest risk factor compared to other options.

B. While electrolyte imbalances resulting from vomiting and diarrhea can predispose someone to arrhythmias, they are not as significant a risk factor for atrial flutter as other conditions.

C. A family history of atrial flutter may increase the likelihood of developing the condition, but it is not as significant a risk factor compared to other options.

D. A history of myocardial infarction and stent placement indicates underlying heart disease, which is a significant risk factor for developing atrial flutter. Cardiac events like myocardial infarction can lead to structural changes in the heart, such as scarring or remodeling, which can predispose individuals to atrial flutter. Therefore, this client is at the highest risk for developing atrial flutter among the options provided.

A. Persistent headache and aggression B. Headache and confusion C. Loss of vision and depression D. Seizures and extremity weakness

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Persistent headache and aggression: While persistent headache and aggression can occur following a traumatic brain injury (TBI), these symptoms are not specific to mild TBI. Aggression is more commonly associated with severe TBI, and persistent headache can occur across the spectrum of TBI severity.

B. Headache and confusion: Headache and confusion are common manifestations of mild TBI. Following a mild TBI, individuals often experience headache, which may be mild to moderate in intensity. Confusion, disorientation, and difficulty concentrating are also typical symptoms of mild TBI due to the transient disruption of cognitive function.

C. Loss of vision and depression: Loss of vision and depression are less commonly associated with mild TBI. These manifestations may occur in more severe cases of TBI or with specific types of brain injury affecting visual pathways. However, they are not typically indicative of mild TBI.

D. Seizures and extremity weakness: Seizures and extremity weakness are more indicative of moderate to severe TBI rather than mild TBI. While mild TBI may result in brief loss of consciousness, seizures and significant extremity weakness are less characteristic of mild TBI and are more commonly observed with more severe brain injuries.

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A nurse is admitting a client to the hospital unit. Which one of the following elements of the client's history and physical assessment increases the risk for the development of delirium?

Nursing Test Bank

Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams

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Correct Answer is D

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Explanation

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