A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about orthostatic hypotension. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Orthostatic hypotension increases a client's risk of a fall.

Orthostatic hypotension is indicated by a decrease in systolic blood pressure of 10 mm Hg.

Orthostatic hypotension increases a client's risk of a pulmonary embolism.

Orthostatic hypotension is indicated by a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of 5 mm Hg.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is A

A. Orthostatic hypotension is characterized by a drop in blood pressure upon standing,
which can lead to dizziness or lightheadedness and increase the risk of falls, especially in older adults.
B. Orthostatic hypotension is typically indicated by a decrease in systolic blood pressure of at least 20 mm Hg or a decrease in diastolic blood pressure of at least 10 mm Hg
within 3 minutes of standing up.

C. Orthostatic hypotension does not directly increase the risk of a pulmonary embolism.

A pulmonary embolism is a separate medical condition involving a blockage in one of the pulmonary arteries in the lungs.
D. Orthostatic hypotension is typically indicated by a decrease in systolic blood pressure, not diastolic blood pressure.

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Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Atelectasis refers to the collapse of lung tissue due to blockage or pressure on the airways, commonly caused by immobility but primarily affects the respiratory system.
B. Peristalsis is the natural movement of the intestines that propels food and waste products through the digestive tract. Immobility can lead to decreased peristalsis, causing constipation and other gastrointestinal issues.
C. Shearing refers to the force that causes layers of tissue to move on each other, often leading to skin breakdown and pressure ulcers. It is not directly related to
the gastrointestinal system.

D. Deep vein thrombosis (DVT) is the formation of blood clots in deep veins,

typically in the legs, due to reduced blood flow and stasis caused by immobility. It primarily affects the circulatory system, not the gastrointestinal system.

A. Take 250 mg of a calcium supplement each day. B. Perform vigorous exercise at least 2 times per week. C. Perform moderate-intensity exercise for 150 min per week. D. Take 400 IU of vitamin D supplement each day.

Correct Answer is C

Explanation

A. While calcium supplementation is important for bone health, the recommended daily intake for adults at risk for osteoporosis is typically higher than 250 mg. The client may need a higher dose of calcium supplementation, along with other dietary sources of calcium.
B. While exercise is beneficial for bone health, vigorous exercise may not be suitable for all individuals, especially those at risk for osteoporosis who may have other health
concerns. Moderate-intensity exercise is generally recommended for bone health.

C. Performing moderate-intensity exercise for at least 150 minutes per week is

recommended for individuals at risk for osteoporosis. Weight-bearing and resistance exercises are particularly beneficial for improving bone density and strength.

D. Vitamin D supplementation is important for calcium absorption and bone health, but the recommended daily intake for adults at risk for osteoporosis is typically higher than 400 IU. Many healthcare providers recommend higher doses of vitamin D
supplementation, especially for individuals with low sun exposure or other risk factors for deficiency.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about orthostatic hypotension. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

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