A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about obtaining a fecal occult blood test from a client. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

Use toilet paper to transfer the stool specimen.

Collect two stool specimens from the same area of the stool.

Apply four drops of developing solution to each stool specimen.

Wait 30 seconds after applying the developing solution to obtain the results.

Answer and Explanation

The Correct Answer is D

A. Use toilet paper to transfer the stool specimen: Incorrect. Toilet paper is not sterile and can contaminate the sample. Use a clean applicator or stick.

B. Collect two stool specimens from the same area of the stool: Incorrect. Collect specimens from two different areas to increase accuracy.

C. Apply four drops of developing solution to each stool specimen: Incorrect. The number of drops may vary depending on the test kit instructions.

D. Wait 30 seconds after applying the developing solution to obtain the results: This allows the solution to react with any blood present in the stool, providing accurate results.

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Correct Answer is A

Explanation

A. Respiratory acidosis: COPD often results in CO₂ retention due to impaired gas exchange, leading to respiratory acidosis.

B. Respiratory alkalosis: This occurs with hyperventilation and excessive loss of CO₂, which is not typical in COPD.

C. Metabolic acidosis: This is due to a primary metabolic disturbance, such as renal failure or diabetic ketoacidosis, not COPD.

D. Metabolic alkalosis: This is caused by excessive bicarbonate or loss of acids (e.g., vomiting) and is not associated with COPD.

A. Encourage the client to cough and deep breathe. B. Raise the head of the bed. C. Initiate humidification therapy. D. Increase the client's oral fluid intake.

Correct Answer is B

Explanation

A. Encourage the client to cough and deep breathe: Although beneficial, this should be done after positioning the client to facilitate breathing.

B. Raise the head of the bed: Raising the head of the bed improves lung expansion and ventilation, which should be done first to address hypoxia.

C. Initiate humidification therapy: While humidification helps prevent drying of airways, it is not the first action to address hypoxia.

D. Increase the client’s oral fluid intake: While helpful for thinning secretions, this is not the priority when oxygen saturation is critically low.

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A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a newly licensed nurse about obtaining a fecal occult blood test from a client. Which of the following information should the nurse include?

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