A nurse is reinforcing teaching with a client who is scheduled for lithotripsy about conditions that can contribute to the formation of renal calculi. Which of the following conditions should the nurse include?
Obesity.
Dehydration.
Iron deficiency.
Protein in the urine.
The Correct Answer is B
Choice A rationale
Obesity is not a direct cause of renal calculi. However, it can be a risk factor due to associated conditions such as metabolic syndrome, diabetes, and hypertension, which can contribute to stone formation. Weight management and a healthy lifestyle can help reduce the risk of kidney stones.
Choice B rationale
Dehydration is a significant risk factor for the formation of renal calculi. When the body is dehydrated, the urine becomes concentrated, leading to the crystallization of minerals and the formation of stones. Adequate hydration is essential in preventing kidney stones by diluting the urine and reducing the concentration of stone-forming substances.
Choice C rationale
Iron deficiency is not associated with the formation of renal calculi. Iron deficiency primarily affects red blood cell production and can lead to anemia. It does not contribute to the crystallization of minerals in the urine or the formation of kidney stones.
Choice D rationale
Protein in the urine, or proteinuria, is not a direct cause of renal calculi. Proteinuria is often a sign of kidney damage or disease but does not lead to stone formation. The presence of protein in the urine should be evaluated to determine the underlying cause and appropriate treatment.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Confusion is a unique symptom of urinary tract infections (UTIs) in older adults. It is often the first and sometimes the only symptom, making it a critical indicator for this age group.
Choice B rationale
Urinary retention can occur in any age group with a UTI and is not unique to older adults.
Choice C rationale
Incontinence is a common symptom of UTIs but is not unique to older adults.
Choice D rationale
Low back pain can be a symptom of UTIs but is not unique to older adults.
Correct Answer is C
Explanation
Choice A rationale
Cabbage is not a significant source of potassium. While it is a healthy vegetable, it does not provide the necessary potassium to help raise serum potassium levels.
Choice B rationale
Cheddar cheese is also not a high-potassium food. It is rich in calcium and protein but does not significantly contribute to potassium intake.
Choice C rationale
Bananas are well-known for their high potassium content. Including bananas in the diet can help increase serum potassium levels, which is beneficial for a client taking furosemide, a diuretic that can cause potassium loss.
Choice D rationale
Potatoes are another excellent source of potassium. However, the question specifies choosing one food, and bananas are a more commonly recommended option for increasing potassium intake.
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