A nurse is reinforcing teaching to a newly licensed nurse about risk factors for subarachnoid hemorrhage (SAH). Which of the following should the nurse include in the teaching?
Marfan's syndrome
Alzheimer's disease
Parkinson's disease
Male sex
The Correct Answer is A
A. Marfan's syndrome: Marfan's syndrome is a genetic connective tissue disorder that affects the integrity and strength of blood vessels. Individuals with this condition are at increased risk for the development of cerebral aneurysms, which may rupture and lead to subarachnoid hemorrhage, making it an important vascular risk factor.
B. Alzheimer’s disease: Alzheimer’s disease involves progressive neurodegeneration and cognitive decline, but it does not directly increase the risk of bleeding in the subarachnoid space. Its pathology does not involve vascular abnormalities related to aneurysm formation.
C. Parkinson’s disease: Parkinson’s disease affects the motor control centers of the brain due to dopamine depletion, but it does not involve changes in cerebral blood vessels. Therefore, it is not linked to an increased risk of subarachnoid hemorrhage.
D. Male sex: Subarachnoid hemorrhage is slightly more common in females, particularly due to hormonal and vascular differences. Male sex is not a recognized independent risk factor for aneurysmal rupture or spontaneous SAH.
Nursing Test Bank
Naxlex Comprehensive Predictor Exams
Related Questions
Correct Answer is A
Explanation
A. Provide the client with grooming supplies and a private area to bathe: After evidence collection and medical treatment are complete, allowing the client to bathe in privacy supports their dignity and helps restore a sense of control. This is a therapeutic and appropriate step prior to discharge.
B. Call the client's home for someone to pick up the client: Contacting someone without the client's consent could breach confidentiality and potentially endanger the client, especially if the assailant lives in the same household.
C. Retain the client's cell phone for evidence: The nurse does not have the authority to confiscate personal property like a cell phone. Evidence collection must follow legal protocols, typically involving law enforcement and forensic teams.
D. Send the client's clothes to the laundry before returning the items to the client: The client's clothing may be part of the forensic evidence. Washing or returning them before proper processing would compromise the legal chain of custody.
Correct Answer is D
Explanation
A. Headache: The headache phase involves throbbing or pulsating pain, usually on one side of the head, often accompanied by nausea, photophobia, or phonophobia. It occurs after the aura phase and does not typically include sensory disturbances like tingling or visual changes.
B. Prodrome: The prodrome occurs hours to days before the migraine and includes subtle symptoms such as mood changes, food cravings, neck stiffness, or increased urination. It does not include neurological symptoms like visual disturbances or tingling.
C. Postdrome: Also known as the postdrome or recovery phase, this follows the headache phase. Clients may feel fatigued, confused, or drained but do not typically report sensory symptoms like those seen in the aura phase.
D. Aura: The aura phase is characterized by neurological symptoms such as visual disturbances (e.g., blind spots or flashing lights) and sensory changes (e.g., facial tingling). These symptoms occur shortly before the onset of the headache and are classic indicators of this phase.
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